Crank Angle Determination Using Cylinder Pressure Medium

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for determining the crank angle of multicylinder internal combustion engines, such as using incremental encoders or absolute rotary encoders, are either time-consuming, energy-intensive, or prone to failure due to fragility, especially when the engine is at rest, and do not efficiently minimize starting air consumption.

Innovation Solution

A method that introduces a predetermined amount of pressure medium into at least two engine cylinders, measures the pressure, and calculates the crank angle using pressure sensors and control units, eliminating the need for absolute rotary encoders and reducing energy consumption by determining the crank angle before engine startup.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If an absolute rotary encoder is used to determine the crank angle when the engine is at rest, then the measurement precision is improved, but the reliability deteriorates due to fragility and limited lifetime

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecrank angle determination accuracyVSAvoidencoder lifetime
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical absolute rotary encoder with a pneumatic measurement system. Pressure medium is introduced into the cylinder and the resulting pressure changes are measured to determine the crank angle position and engine speed, eliminating the fragile mechanical encoder while maintaining measurement capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses pneumatic principles by introducing pressure medium into the cylinder and measuring pressure changes. The pressure medium interacts with the piston-crank mechanism to produce measurable pressure signals that indicate crank angle position without requiring mechanical sensors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Measurement precision

If the engine is rotated to pass a reference mark past the crank angle sensor, then the measurement precision is improved, but the use of energy and time increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveabsolute crank angle determinationVSAvoidenergy for rotating engine
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary action by determining the crank angle position while the engine is still at rest, before any rotation occurs. Pressure medium is introduced and pressure measurements are taken in the stationary state, eliminating the need for subsequent rotation to establish reference

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The mechanical rotation method is replaced with a pneumatic measurement method that works in the stationary state. The pressure medium and pressure sensor system can determine crank angle without requiring engine movement, thus saving energy and time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If the engine is rotated to pass a reference mark past the crank angle sensor, then the measurement precision is improved, but the loss of time increases due to the time-consuming process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveabsolute crank angle determinationVSAvoidtime for rotation and positioning
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The crank angle determination is performed as a preliminary action while the engine is at rest, before the starting sequence begins. This eliminates the time required for rotation and reference mark detection, allowing immediate identification of the correct cylinder for starting air injection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate and efficient determination of the crank angle at rest without fragile encoders, minimizing starting air consumption and energy use, and does not require additional flow regulation devices or separate pressure sources.

Implementation Method 1

measuring pressure in the cylinders into which the pressure medium has been introduced

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure measurement:

Data Source

PatentEP2614248B1Method and arrangement for determining crank angle of an internal combustion engine
Publication Date: 2014.12.17 WARTSILA FINLAND OY
  • EP2614248B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

A method for determining the crank angle of an internal combustion engine (1) when the engine (1) is at rest, the method comprising the steps of introducing a predetermined amount of pressure medium into at least two of the cylinders (4) of the engine (1), measuring pressure in the cylinders (4) into which the pressure medium has been introduced, and calculating the crank angle of the engine (1) on the basis of the pressure measurements. The invention also concerns an arrangement for determining the crank angle of an internal combustion engine (1).