Crash Event Discrimination Using Multi-Axis Satellite Sensors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing vehicle occupant restraining systems struggle to accurately discriminate between different types of vehicle crash events, particularly high speed frontal rigid barrier impacts, offset deformable barrier impacts, oblique/angular frontal rigid barrier impacts, and small/narrow overlap impacts, leading to inadequate deployment decisions and timing in modern crashworthiness evaluations.

Innovation Solution

The use of remote side multi-axis satellite sensors and crush zone multi-axis sensors, combined with a unique evaluation process and crash classification arrangement, allows for enhanced discrimination of these events, adjusting the deployment control algorithm for quicker actuation of restraining devices, such as airbags and seatbelt pretensioners, and improved control of seat-belt load limiters.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional accelerometer-based crash sensors are used to determine deployment events, then the system can detect crash acceleration, but it cannot accurately discriminate between different types of crash events (deployment vs. non-deployment)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecrash event discrimination accuracyVSAvoiddeployment decision reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the vehicle into multiple sensing zones by placing accelerometers in different locations: a first accelerometer in the crush zone and a second accelerometer remote from the crush zone. This segmentation allows the system to analyze acceleration patterns from different regions to better discriminate between crash types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent adds spatial dimension to crash detection by using multi-axis accelerometers that measure acceleration in multiple directions (X, Y, Z axes). This dimensional expansion enables the system to distinguish between different crash vectors and types, such as frontal vs. side impacts, improving discrimination accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If the restraining system is actuated for all detected crash events, then occupant safety is maximized, but false deployment occurs for non-deployment events (e.g., undercarriage snag)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoccupant safety assuranceVSAvoidfalse deployment harm
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses feedback from multiple accelerometer signals to continuously monitor and evaluate crash patterns. By comparing acceleration magnitudes, directions, and temporal patterns from different sensor locations, the system provides feedback to the deployment decision logic to distinguish true crash events from false triggers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes deployment thresholds and evaluation parameters based on the specific crash pattern detected. Different acceleration patterns trigger different deployment criteria, allowing the system to adjust its response based on the severity and type of event, reducing false deployments while maintaining safety for true crashes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If multiple sensors and complex discrimination algorithms are added to improve crash event discrimination, then deployment accuracy improves, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecrash type classification accuracyVSAvoidsensor arrangement and control algorithm complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses multi-axis accelerometers that serve multiple functions: detecting crash acceleration magnitude, determining crash direction, identifying crash type, and triggering appropriate deployment responses. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate sensors for each detection purpose, managing system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical sensor switches with electronic accelerometer-based detection and software-based discrimination algorithms. This substitution simplifies the physical hardware while enabling more sophisticated crash analysis through electronic signal processing and computational logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Object-generated harmful factors

If the deployment algorithm uses conservative thresholds to avoid false deployment, then false deployment is reduced, but response time to actual crashes is delayed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefalse deployment reductionVSAvoiddeployment response time
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic threshold adjustment where deployment criteria change based on the detected acceleration pattern. For high-severity crash patterns, lower thresholds and faster response are enabled, while for ambiguous patterns, higher thresholds apply. This dynamic adaptation optimizes both response time and false deployment reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary analysis of acceleration patterns from multiple sensors before making deployment decisions. By pre-evaluating crash vectors, magnitudes, and patterns against stored crash profiles, the system prepares deployment parameters in advance, enabling faster response when true crashes are detected while maintaining conservative thresholds for ambiguous events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP2928730B1Method and apparatus for controlling an actuatable restraining device using multi-region enchanced discrimination
Publication Date: 2018.11.28 TRW AUTOMOTIVE US LLC
  • EP2928730B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2928730B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2928730B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for controlling an actuatable restraining device includes sensing a plurality of crash event indications, classifying crash events in response to the sensed crash event indications to identify at least one of a forward rigid barrier crash event, an offset deformable barrier crash event, an angular crash event, and a small overlap crash event, and controlling deployment timing of the actuatable restraining device in response to the classification of the crash event.