Crescent-Patch UWB Antenna for Blind-Spot-Free Circular Polarization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing UWB antennas generate linearly polarized waves, leading to poor communication with smartphones if not aligned, and existing circularly polarized antennas have far-field radiation patterns with blind spots and suboptimal input reflection factors, especially in higher frequency ranges.
Innovation Solution
The antenna design incorporates a crescent-shaped first patch with circular arc edges, a perforated second patch enclosing a circular slot, and a coplanar line connection between patches, with additional conductive patches forming a ground plane, optimizing the far-field radiation pattern and improving input reflection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional rectangular second patch is used, then the antenna structure is simple, but the far-field radiation pattern has blind spots and poor input reflection factor in higher frequency ranges
Solution Approach 1:
The second patch is designed with circular arc-shaped outer edges instead of straight rectangular edges. Each circular arc extends over an angle of 90°, creating a more rounded geometry that eliminates blind spots in the far-field radiation pattern and improves input reflection factor, particularly in higher frequency ranges.
2Reliability
If linearly polarized waves are used, then the antenna structure is simple, but communication is poor when smartphone is not aligned with wave direction
Solution Approach 1:
The first patch is designed with a crescent shape that is asymmetric with respect to the second patch. This asymmetry, combined with the specific geometric relationship where the first patch lies within or almost entirely within the hole in the second patch, enables the generation of circularly polarized waves that provide 360-degree coverage regardless of smartphone orientation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves better communication by minimizing blind spots and enhancing input reflection, particularly in higher frequencies, ensuring consistent signal reception regardless of smartphone orientation.
Implementation Method 1
The antenna comprises a plate of an electrically insulating material having a first side and a second side, wherein in an outer layer on the first side there is provided a crescent-shaped first patch of an electrically conductive material
Implementation Method 2
each of the circular-arc outer edges extending over an angle of 90°. Unlike the UWB antenna known from said attachment, the outer contour of the second patch is not a rectangle. Rather, instead of the corners of the rectangle, the circular arc-shaped outer edges are provided.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna includes a plate of an electrically insulating material having a first and a second side. In an outer layer on the first side, there is a crescent-shaped first patch of an electrically conductive material having a first edge extending at a first radius and a second edge extending at a second, smaller radius. A perforated second patch of an electrically conductive material is provided in an outer layer on the second side which has four straight outer edges and a center hole with a third radius. The first patch lies within or almost entirely within the hole in the second patch in a projection perpendicular to the plate. Each of the outer edges of the second patch is connected by circular-arc outer edge to two adjacent outer edges, each of the circular-arc outer edge extending over an angle of 90° with a fourth radius.