Cross-Connected Amplifier Circuit for Offset and Noise Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-gain amplifiers introduce offset voltage and deteriorate signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, and total harmonic distortion, and the miniaturization of transistors worsens noise characteristics in electrical systems.
Innovation Solution
An amplifier circuit design incorporating a first and second cross-connect circuit with switches and a voltage adjustment circuit to minimize offset voltage and noise, featuring a clock generator and over-sampling ADC for efficient signal processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If high-gain amplifier is used to amplify low-voltage input signals, then amplification capability is improved, but offset voltage increases and signal-to-noise ratio deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic switching of the amplifier circuit between different gain configurations using cross-connect circuits with switches. The amplifier alternates between high-gain mode for signal amplification and low-gain mode for offset cancellation, achieving periodic action to resolve the contradiction between amplification capability and offset voltage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically changes the gain parameter of the amplifier by switching between different circuit configurations. The cross-connect circuits enable the amplifier to switch between high-gain and low-gain modes, allowing parameter changes that resolve the contradiction between amplification capability and offset voltage.
2Power
If high-gain amplifier is used to amplify low-voltage input signals, then amplification capability is improved, but signal-to-noise ratio deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses periodic switching between high-gain and low-gain modes to amplify signals while periodically resetting offset and noise accumulation. This periodic action prevents continuous noise buildup that would occur in conventional high-gain amplifiers.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and separately processes the offset and noise components from the amplified signal. By using cross-connect circuits to switch between different gain modes, the system can isolate and cancel offset components while maintaining signal amplification, thereby improving signal-to-noise ratio.
3Device complexity
If transistor size is reduced for process miniaturization, then device integration is improved, but noise characteristics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the amplifier circuit into multiple functional blocks with different gain stages, each using miniaturized transistors. By dividing the amplification function across multiple segments rather than using a single high-gain stage, the system can tolerate the increased noise from smaller transistors while achieving overall high amplification.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent compensates for the degraded noise characteristics of miniaturized transistors by dynamically changing the gain parameter across different circuit stages. The cross-connect circuits enable parameter changes that optimize the trade-off between device size and noise performance.
Data Source
AI summary
Various embodiments of the present technology may comprise methods and apparatus for an amplifier circuit. Methods and apparatus for an amplifier circuit according to various aspects of the present invention may comprise a first cross-connect circuit configured to receive an input signal at an input terminal and transmit the input signal to an input stage circuit. The amplifier circuit may further comprise a second cross-connect circuit connected between the input stage circuit and an output stage circuit, and a voltage adjustment circuit connected to the input stage circuit. Each cross-connect circuit may comprise a plurality of switches.