Cross-Coupled Clock Signal Distribution in Multi-Height Sequential Cells

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Solution Overview

Problem

Semiconductor device manufacturers face challenges in integrating larger devices on a single chip due to area constraints and layout design restrictions in modern processing technologies, leading to inefficiencies in semiconductor layout designs, particularly in MOS devices.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a cross-coupled clock signal distribution layout in multi-height sequential cells, where interconnects in different metal layers are configured to propagate signals in a specific direction, allowing for efficient use of space by reducing the area required for MOS device layouts while maintaining functionality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If traditional clock signal distribution layout is used in multi-height sequential cells, then signal propagation functionality is maintained, but area consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearea consumptionVSAvoidsignal propagation
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dimensionality change by transitioning from a conventional two-dimensional planar layout to a three-dimensional stacked layout utilizing multiple metal layers (M1, M2, M3). Clock signals are distributed across different vertical layers with interconnects extending in both horizontal and vertical directions, enabling compact area utilization while maintaining signal propagation integrity through cross-layer routing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements nesting by placing interconnects from different metal layers in a hierarchical structure where M1 interconnects are nested within the same plane as sequential cells, M2 interconnects are positioned above in the vertical stack, and M3 interconnects are positioned at the highest level. This nested multi-layer configuration allows dense packing of interconnects without mutual interference, reducing overall area consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Quantity of substance

If device integration density is increased to overcome area constraints, then more devices can be placed on chip, but layout design restrictions and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice integration densityVSAvoidlayout design restrictions
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the clock signal distribution network into distinct segments assigned to different metal layers. Each metal layer (M1, M2, M3) carries specific clock signals to different groups of sequential cells, allowing independent routing optimization for each segment. This segmentation reduces layout complexity by organizing the dense interconnect network into manageable, layer-specific segments rather than a monolithic complex structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent resolves layout complexity by adding the vertical dimension through multi-layer interconnect structure. Instead of congesting all interconnects in a single planar layer, the design distributes them across multiple vertical layers, effectively transforming a two-dimensional layout problem into a three-dimensional solution space, thereby reducing routing complexity and improving designability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Area of stationary object

If interconnects are configured to extend in multiple directions across metal layers, then area efficiency improves, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearea efficiencyVSAvoidinterconnect alignment
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetry in the interconnect configuration where interconnects in different metal layers are intentionally positioned with asymmetric offsets relative to each other. For example, M2 interconnects may be offset from M1 interconnects, and M3 interconnects may be offset from M2 interconnects, creating a staggered asymmetric pattern. This asymmetric arrangement reduces the need for precise perfect alignment while maintaining electrical connectivity, thereby reducing manufacturing precision requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Data Source

PatentEP3304595A1Cross-coupled clock signal distribution layout in multi-height sequential cells for UNI-directional m1
Publication Date: 2018.04.11 QUALCOMM INC

AI summary

A MOS device includes first, second, third, and fourth interconnects. The first interconnect (402) extends on a first track in a first direction. The first interconnect is configured in a metal layer. The second interconnect (404) extends on the first track in the first direction. The second interconnect is configured in the metal layer. The third interconnect (408) extends on a second track in the first direction. The third interconnect is configured in the metal layer. The second track is parallel to the first track. The third interconnect is coupled to the second interconnect. The second and third interconnects (404. 408) are configured to provide a first signal (Clk). The fourth interconnect (410) extends on the second track in the first direction. The fourth interconnect is configured in the metal layer. The fourth interconnect is coupled to the first interconnect. The first and fourth interconnects (402, 410) are configured to provide a second signal (Clk) different than the first signal.