Cross-Dipole Radiating Elements for Compact Multiband Base Stations

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing base station antennas face challenges in reducing size while supporting service in multiple frequency bands, leading to issues with wind loading, weight, and compliance with zoning ordinances due to the increase in the number of radiating element arrays.

Innovation Solution

Dual-band, dual-polarized radiating elements with electromagnetic bandgap structures are used, allowing transmission and reception in two different frequency bands, reducing the overall number of elements and antenna size by sharing columns between frequency bands.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If multiple separate radiating element arrays are used to support service in different frequency bands, then the antenna can provide comprehensive multi-band coverage, but the size of the antenna increases, leading to increased wind loading and potential violation of zoning ordinances

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemulti-band coverageVSAvoidantenna weight and wind loading

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple frequency band arrays into shared columns by positioning radiating elements for different frequency bands (e.g., low-band, mid-band, high-band) within the same structural columns. This merging approach allows the antenna to support multiple frequency bands while reducing the overall number of columns required, thereby decreasing the antenna's footprint and wind loading.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates universal columns that can serve multiple frequency bands simultaneously. Each column is designed to accommodate radiating elements for different frequency bands, making the column structure multi-functional. This universality allows a single column to replace what would traditionally require multiple separate columns, reducing overall antenna size while maintaining multi-band capability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If the number of radiating element arrays is increased to support more frequency bands, then the antenna's multi-band capability is enhanced, but the antenna size and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefrequency band supportVSAvoidantenna structure complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple frequency band arrays into shared columns, reducing the total number of structural columns required. By combining low-band, mid-band, and high-band arrays within the same columns, the patent simplifies the overall antenna structure while maintaining the capability to support multiple frequency bands.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes vertical stacking of radiating elements within shared columns to accommodate multiple frequency bands. By arranging elements in the vertical dimension rather than requiring separate horizontal columns, the patent reduces structural complexity while maintaining multi-band functionality.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Area of stationary object

If radiating element arrays are positioned closer together to reduce antenna size, then the antenna footprint is reduced, but the isolation between arrays decreases, potentially degrading performance

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveantenna footprintVSAvoidarray isolation and performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Area of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent positions radiating elements for different frequency bands in the vertical dimension within shared columns, rather than placing them side-by-side in the horizontal plane. This vertical separation maintains adequate isolation between frequency band arrays while reducing the horizontal footprint of the antenna.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the local positioning of radiating elements within shared columns, adjusting the vertical spacing and orientation of elements for different frequency bands to maintain appropriate isolation. This localized optimization ensures performance requirements are met while achieving compact overall dimensions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables a compact base station antenna design that supports multiple frequency bands, reducing wind loading and compliance issues while maintaining performance.

Implementation Method 1

each radiating element includes a first dipole radiator that includes a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm, a second dipole radiator that includes a third dipole arm and a fourth dipole arm, and first through fourth electromagnetic bandgap structures that are coupled to distal end portions of the respective first through fourth dipole arms

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectromagnetic bandgap:

Data Source

PatentUS12512606B2Multiband cross-dipole radiating elements and base station antennas including arrays of such radiating elements

Publication Date: 2025.12.30 OUTDOOR WIRELESS NETWORKS LLC

AI summary

Radiating elements comprise a first dipole radiator that includes a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm, a second dipole radiator that includes a third dipole arm and a fourth dipole arm and first through fourth electromagnetic bandgap structures that are coupled to distal end portions of the respective first through fourth dipole arms.