Cross-Functional Signaling for Reduced Over-the-Air Overhead

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless communication systems face inefficiencies in device-to-device communication due to redundant over-the-air signaling, particularly in low-throughput scenarios where increased overhead significantly impacts data transmission, and lack of native link quality metrics at lower layers.

Innovation Solution

Implementing cross-functional signaling mechanisms that allow higher protocol layers to share information and perform functions like session management, authentication, and link quality monitoring, reducing redundant signaling and enhancing link adaptation by providing metrics to lower layers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional wireless communication systems use redundant protocol layers for device-to-device communication, then reliability and functionality are improved, but over-the-air signaling overhead increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication reliabilityVSAvoidsignaling overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges session management, authentication, and link quality monitoring functions across multiple protocol layers into a unified cross-layer signaling mechanism. This consolidation reduces redundant over-the-air signaling while maintaining all necessary communication functions, directly addressing the contradiction between reliability and signaling overhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The cross-layer signaling mechanism provides multi-functionality by enabling a single signaling exchange to simultaneously accomplish session initiation, authentication, and link quality assessment. This universal approach eliminates the need for separate redundant signaling at different protocol layers, reducing overhead while preserving reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple protocol layers perform independent session management and authentication functions, then functional completeness is improved, but over-the-air overhead increases in low-throughput scenarios

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefunctional completenessVSAvoiddata transmission efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines session management, authentication, and link quality monitoring into a unified cross-layer signaling process. This merging eliminates redundant signaling exchanges between protocol layers, thereby improving data transmission efficiency in low-throughput scenarios while maintaining functional completeness through the integrated mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The cross-layer signaling mechanism establishes continuous information sharing between protocol layers, allowing efficient use of available bandwidth. By maintaining continuous coordination rather than discrete independent operations, the system maximizes data transmission efficiency while preserving all necessary functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Device complexity

If lower layers lack native link quality metrics, then implementation simplicity is maintained, but link adaptation capability is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelayer implementation simplicityVSAvoidlink adaptation capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms where higher protocol layers provide link quality metrics to lower layers through cross-layer signaling. This feedback enables link adaptation at lower layers without requiring them to have native metric collection capabilities, thus maintaining implementation simplicity while enhancing adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The cross-layer signaling mechanism acts as an intermediary that bridges the gap between higher layers (which have link quality information) and lower layers (which need it for adaptation). This intermediary approach allows link adaptation capability to be added without increasing the complexity of individual layer implementations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS11071007B2Cross functional signaling in off grid radio service devices for reduced over-the-air overhead
Publication Date: 2021.07.20 APPLE INC
  • US11071007B2 patent drawing
  • US11071007B2 patent drawing
  • US11071007B2 patent drawing

AI summary

This disclosure relates to techniques for supporting cross functional signaling for device-to-device wireless communication, such as an off grid radio system. According to some embodiments, a first wireless device may initiate, modify, and/or close a device-to-device wireless communication session with a second wireless device using session management signaling associated with a protocol layer (possibly a higher layer, such as a layer supported by an application processor) of the first wireless device. The wireless device may provide indications of session initiation, modification, and/or closing from the protocol layer used to exchange the session management signaling to another protocol layer (possibly a lower layer, such as a layer supported by a baseband processor) of the first wireless device.