Cross-Impinging Orifice Plates for Gas Turbine Bleed Air Muffling
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Solution Overview
Problem
In gas turbine engines, the large and heavy components used to manage excess bleed air and reduce noise are undesirable, particularly when directing bleed air into fan flow streams or other locations, as they contribute to increased size and weight without optimal acoustic performance.
Innovation Solution
A muffling device with a body, an inlet flow restrictor, and parallel first and second orifice plates that create a cross-impinging flow within a plenum to direct and discharge compressible fluid, reducing noise and size while maintaining acoustic requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If oversized exhaust area and gentle expansions are used to lower flow velocity and meet acoustic requirements, then acoustic performance is improved, but device size and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system is divided into multiple stages with successive expansions rather than a single large expansion. Each stage handles a portion of the flow, creating manageable pressure drops and velocity reductions that collectively achieve the required acoustic performance without requiring a single oversized component.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a multi-stage expansion approach that transitions flow through different spatial dimensions and pressure levels progressively. By distributing the expansion across multiple stages rather than a single large expansion, the system achieves the necessary acoustic muffling while reducing the size and weight of individual components.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If oversized exhaust area is used to lower flow velocity at exhaust location, then acoustic requirements are met, but device complexity and size increase
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system is divided into multiple stages with successive expansions rather than a single large expansion. Each stage handles a portion of the flow, creating manageable pressure drops and velocity reductions that collectively achieve the required acoustic performance without requiring a single oversized component.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a multi-stage expansion approach that transitions flow through different spatial dimensions and pressure levels progressively. By distributing the expansion across multiple stages rather than a single large expansion, the system achieves the necessary acoustic muffling while reducing the size and weight of individual components.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If large components are used to reduce noise from bleed air, then acoustic performance is improved, but size and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system is divided into multiple stages with successive expansions rather than a single large expansion. Each stage handles a portion of the flow, creating manageable pressure drops and velocity reductions that collectively achieve the required acoustic performance without requiring a single oversized component.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a multi-stage expansion approach that transitions flow through different spatial dimensions and pressure levels progressively. By distributing the expansion across multiple stages rather than a single large expansion, the system achieves the necessary acoustic muffling while reducing the size and weight of individual components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces noise generated by bleed air while minimizing the size and weight of muffling systems, achieving desired acoustic improvements and flow properties without the need for oversized components.
Implementation Method 1
capable of providing pressure drops
Implementation Method 2
The first orifice plate and the second orifice plate may be fluidicly opposed such that the flow of the compressible fluid through the orifice of the first orifice plate from the interior of the muffling device body into the plenum is directed at the wall of the second orifice plate
Data Source
AI summary
High bleed flow muffling systems are disclosed. Example muffling devices according to at least some aspects of the present disclosure may include a first orifice plate and a second orifice plate at least partially defining a plenum arranged to receive the flow of a compressible fluid. The first orifice plate and the second orifice plate may be arranged to produce cross-impinging flow such that flow through the orifices of the first orifice plate into the plenum is directed at the wall of the second orifice plate and such that flow through the orifices of the second orifice plate is directed at the wall of the first orifice plate. Some example embodiments may include an inlet flow restrictor disposed upstream of the first and second orifice plates.