Cross-Polarized Antenna Layout for Low and High Elevation Links
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna devices face challenges in maintaining effective communication with base stations at both low and high elevation angles, particularly in the millimeter wave band, due to insufficient gain at high elevation angles and interference from reflected waves.
Innovation Solution
The antenna device incorporates a first antenna with higher gain at low elevation angles, a second antenna with higher gain at high elevation angles, and a third antenna with orthogonal vibration directions to enhance cross-polarization communication, ensuring reliable communication regardless of the base station's elevation angle.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single antenna configuration is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the communication reliability at both low and high elevation angles deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into three distinct antenna types (first antenna for low elevation angles, second antenna for high elevation angles with first polarization, third antenna for high elevation angles with second polarization). Each antenna is optimized for specific elevation angle ranges and polarization directions, allowing the system to maintain high communication reliability across different scenarios without requiring a single complex omnidirectional antenna
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces polarization dimension by employing antennas with different polarization directions (first polarization direction and second polarization direction). This allows the system to differentiate and optimize communication for various elevation angles by selecting appropriate polarization modes, effectively adding a dimensional parameter to solve the elevation angle coverage problem
2Reliability
If cross-polarization waves are transmitted and received, then communication reliability is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system achieves multi-functionality by incorporating both first polarization and second polarization antennas. These antennas can operate independently or in combination depending on the communication scenario, providing universal coverage for different elevation angles and polarization requirements without requiring separate dedicated systems for each scenario
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases communication gain through cross-polarization, enabling effective communication with base stations at both low and high elevation angles, even in the millimeter wave band, by utilizing a combination of horizontal, vertical, and zenith antennas with specific directional gains and arrangements.
Implementation Method 1
an antenna device used in a moving body includes: a first antenna having a directional gain at a low elevation angle higher than the directional gain at a high elevation angle; a second antenna having the directional gain at the high elevation angle higher than the first antenna, and transmitting and receiving a cross-polarization wave
Implementation Method 2
transmitting and receiving a radio wave having a vibration direction of an electric field intersecting with a radio wave transmitted and received by the first antenna
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna device includes: a first antenna having a directional gain at a low elevation angle higher than the directional gain at a high elevation angle; a second antenna having the directional gain at the high elevation angle higher than the first antenna, transmitting and receiving a radio wave having a vibration direction of an electric field intersecting with a radio wave transmitted and received by the first antenna; and a third antenna having the directional gain at the high elevation angle higher than the first antenna, and transmitting and receiving a radio wave having a vibration direction of an electric field intersecting with the radio wave transmitted and received by the second antenna.