Cross-Set Knowledge Distillation for ML Model Training

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current text-to-content recommendation models are difficult to train due to large data sets, high memory requirements, and latency issues, making them inefficient and inaccurate for deployment on client devices.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves training a lightweight neural network model by distilling knowledge from multiple teacher models using labeled unordered training data and a pretrained text analysis model, resulting in a smaller, more accurate student model that can efficiently operate on client devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a large data set is used to train the ML model to improve recommendation accuracy, then the model accuracy is improved, but the model size and memory requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverecommendation accuracyVSAvoidmodel size
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the training process into multiple stages: first training an initial model on a large data set, then using that model to generate synthetic training data, and finally training a second model on both the original and synthetic data. This segmentation allows the system to leverage large data sets for accuracy while managing model size through progressive refinement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary action by using the initially trained ML model to infer and generate synthetic training data before final model training. This preliminary generation of augmented data allows the system to capture patterns from large data sets without requiring the final model to directly process all original data, thus managing model size while preserving accuracy benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Adaptability or versatility

If more content is added to the recommendation service to improve versatility, then the service adaptability is improved, but the complexity of training and data management increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontent recommendation versatilityVSAvoidtraining process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-service by enabling the ML model to automatically generate synthetic training data from its own inferences on the original data set. This self-generated data augmentation reduces the need for manual data collection and annotation, thereby managing training complexity while supporting increased content versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies parameter changes by transforming the training data through the ML model's inference process, converting original data into synthetic training examples with modified parameters. This transformation allows the system to adapt to diverse content types without proportionally increasing training complexity, as the model learns generalized patterns rather than specific data instances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If manual annotation of the data set is performed to improve data quality, then the training data quality is improved, but the cost and time required increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraining data qualityVSAvoiddata annotation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism where the initially trained ML model acts as a mediator to generate synthetic training data. This intermediary process automates what would otherwise require manual annotation, producing high-quality training examples through model inference while dramatically reducing the time and cost associated with human annotation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses copying by generating synthetic training data that replicates the patterns and structures of the original data set. The ML model creates copied and transformed versions of training examples, preserving the quality characteristics of manually annotated data while avoiding the time-consuming manual annotation process entirely.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

4Measurement precision

If a complex ML model is trained to improve recommendation accuracy, then the model accuracy is improved, but the deployment and operation on client devices becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverecommendation accuracyVSAvoiddeployment ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the modeling process into two phases: training a complex initial model on large data sets to capture accurate patterns, then using that model to generate synthetic data for training a final model that is optimized for deployment. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high accuracy through complex initial training while producing a final model that is more suitable for client device deployment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary action by using the complex initial model to generate synthetic training data before final model deployment. This preliminary use of the complex model captures its accuracy benefits in the data generation phase, allowing the final deployed model to be simpler while still inheriting the accuracy advantages through the synthetic training data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentUS11727270B2Cross data set knowledge distillation for training machine learning models
Publication Date: 2023.08.15 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • US11727270B2 patent drawing
  • US11727270B2 patent drawing
  • US11727270B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A method and system for training a text-to-content recommendation ML model includes training a first ML model using a first training data set, utilizing the trained first ML model to infer information about the data contained in the first training data set, collecting the inferred information to generate a second training data set, and utilizing the first training data set and the second training data set to train a second ML model. The second ML model may be a text-to-content recommendation ML model.