Cross-Slot Radiating Structure for Low-Profile 5G Array Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional 5G array antennas face challenges with large volume and heavy mass, leading to mutual coupling issues and reduced performance, which is not suitable for the dense deployment required in 5G massive MIMO systems.
Innovation Solution
A radiating structure with a single-layer microstrip antenna design featuring cross-orthogonal radiating slots and grooves on the radiation sheet, which enhances polarization isolation and reduces electromagnetic coupling, allowing for miniaturization and low-profile characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional metal die-cast dipoles are used in 5G massive MIMO systems, then the antenna structure is stable and performance is reliable, but the volume and mass become large, causing mutual coupling effects and exceeding load-bearing capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameters of the antenna structure by transitioning from three-dimensional metal die-cast dipoles to two-dimensional microstrip antenna patterns. This dimensional parameter change dramatically reduces mass and volume while maintaining radiation functionality through planar electromagnetic resonance structures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical metal die-cast structure with an electromagnetic resonance-based microstrip structure. The radiation mechanism shifts from mechanical dipole resonance to planar transmission line resonance, eliminating the need for heavy metal casting while achieving stable antenna performance through electromagnetic field distribution
2Device complexity
If traditional metal die-cast dipoles are used in 5G large-scale dense arrays, then the antenna structure is simple, but the large size causes obvious mutual coupling effects and performance deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from three-dimensional dipole structures to two-dimensional microstrip patterns, changing the dimensional configuration to reduce spatial occupation. This dimensional reduction allows elements to be packed more densely in the planar array while maintaining adequate isolation, thereby reducing mutual coupling effects in large-scale deployments
3Reliability
If microstrip antenna adopts double-layer patch solution to solve mutual coupling and bandwidth, then the antenna performance is improved, but the number of parts increases, assembly becomes complex, and profile increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the radiation function and the ground plane function into a single integrated microstrip structure. The microstrip pattern itself serves as both the radiating element and provides the reference plane, eliminating the need for separate ground planes and multiple layers. This integration reduces the number of parts and simplifies assembly while maintaining performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves polarization purity, broadens the working frequency band, and reduces the number of components needed, achieving better radiation efficiency and gain while minimizing the antenna's size and weight.
Implementation Method 1
a radiation patch is combined with a parasitic patch, and the patches are interconnected by a plastic holding member and fastened to a reflector plate
Implementation Method 2
the lateral slot and the longitudinal slot that are communicated with each other and are cross-orthogonal
Implementation Method 3
At least one groove is provided on an outer edge of the radiating sheet, and the groove is not communicated with the radiating slot, wherein the groove is disposed at a location corresponding to an end portion of the radiating slot
Data Source
Figure 1~3
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Figure 6~8
AI summary
The present application provides a radiating structure and an array antenna, wherein the radiating structure comprises a radiating sheet which is provided with a radiating slot in the middle portion thereof, and the radiating slot comprises a lateral slot and a longitudinal slot that are communicated with each other and are cross-orthogonal to each other, and both the lengths of the lateral slot and the longitudinal slot are less than that of the radiating sheet in an extending direction along the corresponding radiating slot. Radiating slots are additionally arranged in the radiating sheet such that the radiating structure may generate two kinds of radiation simultaneously when working in an antenna system, thereby achieving a superposition and enhancement effect of polarization vectors. Therefore, only one layer of radiating sheet is used to achieve the same radiation efficiency and radiation gain as that of the traditional antenna having a multiple-layer patch structure, thereby reducing the use of components; and the structure is simple, and the antenna profile can be reduced, which is beneficial to the implementation of antenna miniaturization.