Crossed Seismic Transducer Array for High-Resolution Subsurface Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current seismic exploration techniques for subsurface rock formations, particularly in marine environments, lack the resolution needed to accurately identify structural and stratigraphic features, leading to risks of unforeseen sub-seabed hazards and inefficiencies in offshore engineering and drilling projects.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing a crossed seismic transducer array on the seafloor with closely spaced acoustic transmitters and receivers to acquire multi-fold offset seismic data, combined with advanced data processing techniques such as beamforming and beam steering, to enhance imaging resolution and distinguish between specular and non-specular events.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If conventional continuous seismic surveys are used, then the ability to map continuity of coherent sedimentary layers is improved, but the resolution for identifying discrete scattering bodies and discontinuous features deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the seismic survey into two distinct methods: continuous seismic profiling for mapping coherent layers and discontinuous seismic sounding with beamforming for resolving discrete scattering bodies. This segmentation allows each method to optimize for its specific target, resolving the contradiction between continuity mapping and discrete feature resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new dimension of measurement by implementing multi-fold offset seismic data acquisition with crossed transducer arrays. This adds spatial dimensionality (multiple offsets and azimuths) to the traditional single-line profiling, enabling resolution of discrete features while maintaining continuity mapping capabilities.
2Ease of manufacture
If industry accepted site evaluation procedures are used, then the process follows established best practices, but the resolution and reliability of subsurface hazard identification deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes key parameters of the seismic survey: using closely spaced transducers (1-10 meters) instead of conventional spacing, implementing multi-fold offset acquisition, and applying beamforming algorithms. These parameter changes transform the survey from conventional low-resolution profiling to high-resolution imaging capable of reliably identifying subsurface hazards.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical interpretation methods with advanced signal processing (beamforming and beam steering algorithms). This substitution transforms raw seismic data into enhanced images of subsurface structures, significantly improving hazard identification reliability while maintaining procedural systematicity.
3Device complexity
If traditional seismic processing techniques are used, then the process is simple and conventional, but the imaging resolution and ability to distinguish specular and non-specular events deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces beamforming as an intermediary processing step between data acquisition and final imaging. This intermediary technique synthesizes signals from multiple transducers to focus energy on specific subsurface locations, enhancing resolution and enabling distinction between specular and non-specular events without overwhelming complexity.
4Productivity
If offshore operations proceed without high resolution subsurface evaluation, then project execution is faster and less costly, but the risk of environmental disasters and safety impacts deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements high-resolution seismic evaluation as a preliminary action before offshore operations begin. By conducting detailed subsurface imaging upfront, potential hazards are identified and mitigated before drilling or construction activities commence, preventing environmental disasters and safety incidents while enabling faster subsequent execution.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in higher resolution imaging of subsurface structures, allowing for detailed identification of complex stratigraphies and geohazards, significantly improving the accuracy of subsurface evaluations and reducing the risk of environmental and safety issues in offshore operations.
Implementation Method 1
acoustic transmitters and receivers
Implementation Method 2
acoustic transmitters and receivers
Implementation Method 3
beamforming and beam steering
Data Source
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AI summary
A method for evaluating subsurface formations includes deploying at least two intersecting seismic transducer lines above an area of the subsurface to be surveyed. Each line includes spaced apart seismic transmitters on one side of the intersection and spaced apart seismic receivers on the other side. On each line, one of the transmitters is actuated and signals are detected at one of the receivers. The foregoing is repeated for each of the remaining receivers. The foregoing is then repeated for each of the remaining transmitters on each line. The detected signals are processed to enhance both specular and non-specular seismic events in the subsurface. The enhanced events may be stored and/or displayed.