Crosslinked Carbon Negative Electrode for Li-Ion Battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion secondary batteries face issues with high irreversible capacity due to the large BET specific surface area and surface functional groups of carbon materials used as negative-electrode active materials, leading to increased reactivity with electrolytes and reduced capacity retention.
Innovation Solution
Crosslinking the surface functional groups of carbonaceous materials, such as graphite, with multidentate alcohols, ethers, or esters during the production of negative-electrode active materials to reduce their BET specific surface area and prevent unnecessary reactions with electrolytes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a carbon material with large BET specific surface area and surface functional groups is used as negative-electrode active material, then lithium ion storage capacity is improved, but reactivity with electrolyte increases causing higher irreversible capacity and reduced capacity retention
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating the treatment of different regions of the carbon material. The surface functional groups are selectively crosslinked to reduce reactivity, while the bulk carbon structure maintains its lithium ion storage capability. This is achieved through surface treatment processes that modify only the outer layers of the carbon particles, preserving the internal structure's capacity function while eliminating the surface's harmful reactivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining carbon material with crosslinking agents to form a modified carbon surface structure. The crosslinked surface layer acts as a protective composite that reduces electrolyte reactivity while the underlying carbon material maintains its electrochemical function. This composite approach creates a hierarchical structure with different functional zones.
2Adaptability or versatility
If carbon material is used as negative-electrode active material, then lithium ion occlusion and release capability is improved, but electrolyte decomposition occurs due to reaction between carbon material and electrolyte
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful surface functional groups into beneficial crosslinked structures. The crosslinking process transforms the reactive surface groups that cause electrolyte decomposition into stable crosslinked networks that protect the carbon material. This converts the original harmful reactivity into a protective function, reducing electrolyte decomposition while maintaining lithium ion storage capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical state of surface functional groups through crosslinking. The crosslinking reaction changes the chemical parameters of the surface groups, reducing their reactivity toward electrolyte decomposition. This parameter modification maintains the physical structure needed for lithium ion occlusion while altering the chemical reactivity to prevent harmful side reactions.
3Strength
If crosslinking treatment is applied to the whole electrode after production, then adhesion of coating film is improved, but current-collecting performance of current collector is reduced due to adhesion of crosslinked polymer to copper foil
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing crosslinking treatment on the carbon material before electrode production rather than after. This timing allows the crosslinked carbon particles to be incorporated into the electrode structure with proper adhesion properties already established. The crosslinked surface provides sufficient adhesion during electrode formation without creating excessive polymer adhesion to the current collector, thus maintaining current-collecting performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies segmentation by treating only the carbon material particles individually through crosslinking, rather than treating the entire electrode assembly. This particle-level crosslinking ensures that each carbon particle has improved adhesion properties independently, while the overall electrode structure maintains proper electrical connectivity to the current collector without excessive polymer adhesion.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates easier electrode formation and significantly reduces irreversible capacity, resulting in improved battery characteristics including high-rate discharge and cycle retention.
Implementation Method 1
Crosslinking the surface functional groups of carbonaceous materials, such as graphite, with multidentate alcohols, ethers, or esters during the production of negative-electrode active materials
Data Source
AI summary
A negative-electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery, which is capable of storing/releasing lithium ions, wherein the negative-electrode active material is obtained by crosslinking a surface functional group of a raw material for negative electrode; a process for producing the negative-electrode active material; and a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery both employing the negative-electrode active material. According to the invention, a negative-electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery can be provided which facilitates electrode production and gives a battery reduced in irreversible capacity in charge/discharge.


