Crosslinked Poly(Meth)acrylic Acid Nitroxide Production
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing nitroxyl compounds for high-energy-density secondary batteries are costly, hazardous, and inefficient, with long reaction times and environmental concerns, and fail to effectively utilize crosslinked materials for improved stability and radical conversion.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the crosslinking of poly(meth)acrylic acid imino compounds using a suspension polymerization process with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent in the presence of a water-soluble catalyst, achieving a high radical concentration and improved reaction efficiency, with the crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid nitroxide compound being dispersed in water to facilitate safer and more environmentally friendly production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If meta-chloroperbenzoic acid is used to oxidize polymethacrylate, then nitroxyl compound can be produced, but the production becomes expensive and hazardous with complicated refinement processes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive meta-chloroperbenzoic acid with hydrogen peroxide, which is cheaper and safer. The water-soluble catalyst enables efficient oxidation without requiring complex refinement processes, making the production more economical and environmentally friendly.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a water-soluble catalyst as an intermediary to facilitate the oxidation reaction between hydrogen peroxide and polymethacrylate. This catalyst enables the reaction to proceed efficiently under milder conditions, avoiding the hazards and complexity associated with meta-chloroperbenzoic acid.
2Productivity
If polymethacrylic acid imino compound is oxidized in methanol solvent with sodium tungstate, then nitroxyl compound is produced, but the reaction requires long time and catalyst mixes into polymer during refinement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the solvent system from methanol to a water-based system and modifies the catalyst to be water-soluble. This parameter change enables faster reaction kinetics while preventing catalyst incorporation into the polymer product, eliminating the need for lengthy refinement processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a water-soluble catalyst that can be easily separated from the organic polymer product through phase separation. This allows the catalyst to be removed without mixing into the final polymer, avoiding contamination and reducing refinement time.
3Ease of manufacture
If polymer with secondary amine structure is oxidized in organic solvent with water-soluble oxide catalyst, then nitroxyl compound is produced, but separation step is needed and reaction rate is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the reaction parameters by using a water-based solvent system with a water-soluble catalyst, which enhances the reaction rate through better solubility and interaction. The crosslinking of the polymer further improves reaction efficiency by increasing accessibility of the imino groups to the oxidizing agent.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite system combining water-soluble catalyst, hydrogen peroxide oxidant, and crosslinked polymer structure. This composite approach enables both high reaction rate and easy separation, as the crosslinked structure prevents catalyst incorporation while maintaining high reaction efficiency.
4Reliability
If conventional methods are used to produce nitroxyl compound, then production can proceed, but crosslinked material cannot be effectively utilized for improved stability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs crosslinking of the polymer before the oxidation step. This preliminary action creates a stable crosslinked structure that prevents solvent elution and improves reliability. The crosslinked imino compound then undergoes oxidation to form the nitroxyl compound, maintaining the stable crosslinked structure throughout the process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method significantly reduces reaction time, enhances radical conversion rates, and produces a stable crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid nitroxide compound suitable for high-capacity secondary batteries, preventing solvent elution and improving the working environment while being cost-effective.
Implementation Method 1
a nitroxidation step carried out in a state that a crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid imino compound... is dispersed in water
Implementation Method 2
in the presence of a water-soluble catalyst
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid nitroxide compound resulting from crosslinking of a poly(meth)acrylic acid nitroxide compound, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of inexpensively and easily producing a crosslinked poly (meth) acrylic acid nitroxide compound having a high radical concentration. The present invention is a method of producing a crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid nitroxide compound including a repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) : (in the formula, R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), comprising a nitroxidation step carried out in a state that a crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid imino compound resulting from crosslinking of a poly(meth)acrylic acid imino compound including a repeating unit represented by the general formula (1): (in the formula, R represents the same group as that represented by R in said general formula (2)) is dispersed in water.