Crosslinked Polysaccharide Absorbents for Antibody Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for removing Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies from human plasma or blood are limited in their ability to provide universally donatable plasma and expand compatibility of whole blood, as they rely on natural or synthetic polymers that may not be stable across a wide pH range and are not universally effective in removing antibodies efficiently.
Innovation Solution
The development of polymeric media based on modified natural polysaccharides, such as dextran or cellulose, with blood group A and B antigen ligands attached, which are stable under physiological pH conditions and capable of efficiently removing Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies, utilizing crosslinking with multifunctional amines and specific functionalization to maintain ligand activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If natural or synthetic polymers are used for antibody removal, then the media can be manufactured, but the stability under physiological pH conditions is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining polysaccharide beads with blood group antigens and crosslinking agents to create a multifunctional adsorbent that achieves both pH stability and high antibody removal efficiency. The composite structure integrates the biocompatibility of polysaccharides with the binding specificity of blood group antigens.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of the polymer media through crosslinking with multifunctional amines and controlling ligand loading density (1-5 mg/mL). These parameter changes enhance the structural stability of the media across physiological pH ranges while maintaining antigen-antibody binding capability.
2Stability of the object's composition
If crosslinking with multifunctional amines is applied, then the stability under physiological pH conditions is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-functionalizing polysaccharide beads with crosslinking agents and blood group antigens before use. This pre-preparation ensures stable crosslinked structures are formed in advance, simplifying the actual antibody removal process and ensuring consistent performance.
3Productivity
If ligand loading is increased to 1-5 mg/mL, then the antibody removal efficiency is improved, but the cost of materials increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the ligand loading parameter to a specific range (1-5 mg/mL) that achieves maximum antibody removal efficiency while controlling material costs. This parameter optimization balances performance requirements with economic considerations by identifying the most effective loading density.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed solution achieves high efficiency in removing Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies, with some embodiments demonstrating ≥88% removal, while maintaining stability and biocompatibility, thus simplifying transfusion logistics and reducing errors due to ABO incompatibility.
Implementation Method 1
a polymeric solid support with a blood group A Antigen ligand attached to the solid support... and a polymeric solid support with a blood group B Antigen ligand attached to the solid support
Data Source
AI summary
The invention concerns polymeric media based on modified natural polysaccharides for removing one or both of Anti-A Antibodies and Anti-B Antibodies from human blood or plasma, the media comprising one or both of (i) a polymeric solid support with a blood group A Antigen ligand attached to the solid support at a ligand loading between 1-5 mg/mL of solid support, and wherein the media is stable under physiological pH conditions, and (ii) a polymeric solid support with a blood group B Antigen ligand attached to the solid support at a ligand loading between 1-5 mg/mL of solid support, and wherein the media is stable under physiological pH conditions.