Crusher Overload Safety Device for Intake Capacity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Cone and gyratory crushers face challenges with spider arms reducing intake capability and the need to handle overloads, particularly with non-crushable materials, which can cause damage to the crusher head.

Innovation Solution

A crusher device equipped with an overload safety device that couples the crusher head to the upper shaft end, featuring a biasing mechanism to displace the crusher head away from the shaft in response to forces, allowing for increased intake capability and safe passage of non-crushable materials by adjusting the crushing gap.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If spider arms are used to protect the crusher head from damage, then the crusher head is protected from large impacts, but the intake capability of the crusher is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecrusher head protectionVSAvoidintake capability

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the traditional spider arm structure from the crusher design. Instead of using physical spider arms to support the crusher head, the invention employs an overload safety device with a biasing mechanism that allows the crusher head to float freely, thereby eliminating the obstruction caused by spider arms and improving intake capability while maintaining protection through the biasing device

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The overload safety device acts as an intermediary between the crusher head and the shaft. The biasing mechanism within this device provides the necessary support and protection for the crusher head without requiring direct physical contact from rigid spider arms, thus mediating between the need for protection and the need for unobstructed material intake

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If the crusher head is rigidly supported to maintain crushing gap, then crushing efficiency is maintained, but non-crushable material causes damage to the crusher head

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecrushing efficiencyVSAvoiddamage from non-crushable material

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the rigid support system into a dynamic one. The overload safety device with its biasing mechanism allows the crusher head to move dynamically in response to applied loads. During normal operation, the biasing force maintains the crushing gap for efficient crushing. When non-crushable material is detected, the crusher head can displace against the biasing force, preventing damage while maintaining crushing efficiency during normal operation

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the parameter of crusher head stiffness from rigid to flexible through the biasing mechanism. This allows the system to adapt its mechanical properties: maintaining a stable crushing gap under normal crushing loads while permitting displacement under overload conditions caused by non-crushable material, thus protecting the crusher head without sacrificing crushing efficiency

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If overload safety device with biasing mechanism is used, then non-crushable material can pass through safely, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesafe passage of non-crushable materialVSAvoidoverload safety device structure

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The overload safety device is designed to be self-regulating through the biasing mechanism. The spring automatically adjusts the crusher head position based on the applied load without requiring external control systems, sensors, or complex actuation mechanisms. The device protects itself and the crusher head from overload conditions through its inherent mechanical design, thereby achieving reliable safe passage of non-crushable material without proportionally increasing device complexity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution protects the crusher head from damage, enhances intake capacity by reducing or eliminating spider arms, and effectively handles overloads by allowing non-crushable materials to pass through, ensuring continuous operation.

Implementation Method 1

The overload safety device comprises a biasing device configured to bias the crusher head away from the upper shaft end in the first direction

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSpring: Spring

Data Source

PatentUS20220023873A1Crusher device comprising an overload safety device

Publication Date: 2022.01.27 METSO OUTOTEC USA INC

AI summary

A crusher device such as a cone or gyratory crusher is disclosed. The crusher device includes a shaft defining a first direction parallel to its length. The shaft includes an upper shaft end, a crusher head, and an overload safety device that couples the crusher head to the upper shaft end. The overload safety device includes a biasing device configured to bias the crusher head away from the upper shaft end in the first direction. The overload safety device is configured to permit displacement of the crusher head along the first direction relative to the shaft in response to a force acting on the crusher head in the first direction.