Crushing Tool Deflector and Conveyor Wings for Plastic Processing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing crushing tools in cutter compactors face inefficiencies in processing plastic materials like polyolefins and other polymers due to insufficient circumferential speed of cutting knives, leading to inadequate cutting and material accumulation near the rotational axis, which hampers the cutting process.
Innovation Solution
A deflector is arranged around the rotational axis with radially extending conveyor wings that redirect material towards the cutting tools, ensuring sufficient speed and preventing accumulation, thus enhancing the cutting efficiency and material circulation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If tools are arranged from the edge up to the inner area including near the rotational axis, then the carrier area is fully utilized, but the circumferential speed of tools becomes too low to perform sufficient cutting
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the tools from the low-speed central area near the rotational axis and places them only in the high-speed outer area of the carrier. This extraction resolves the contradiction by removing tools from positions where they cannot function effectively due to insufficient circumferential speed, while still utilizing the carrier's outer area for tool placement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating different functional zones on the carrier: the central area is dedicated to material accumulation and feeding (with deflector and conveyor wings), while the outer area is dedicated to cutting operations (with tools). This spatial differentiation allows each zone to optimize its function without compromising the other.
2Productivity
If tools are positioned in the central area near the rotational axis, then material processing capacity is increased, but material accumulation occurs reducing cutting effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the carrier into distinct functional zones: a central feeding zone with deflector and conveyor wings for material accumulation and transport, and an outer cutting zone with tools for material processing. This segmentation allows material to be reliably fed to tools without accumulation interfering with cutting effectiveness, while maintaining high processing capacity.
3Speed
If cutting speed is increased to achieve sufficient cutting without counter-knife, then energy consumption increases, but without adequate material feed the cutting performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by using the deflector and conveyor wings to pre-position and feed material to the tools before the cutting action occurs. This ensures that material is already in the optimal position and moving at the right speed when it reaches the tools, maximizing cutting efficiency and minimizing the energy required for cutting at high speeds.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases the efficiency of the cutting process by ensuring materials are fed rapidly and uniformly to the tools, preventing jams, and facilitating better mixing and evaporation of volatile substances, leading to improved cutting performance and equipment design.
Implementation Method 1
The deflector and the conveyor wings serve as a radial fan in order to transport the material to be crushed radially outward into the area of the tools
Implementation Method 2
The deflector and the conveyor wings bring energy into the plastic material in order to heat the latter
Implementation Method 3
Through the rapid removal of the materials to be crushed from the central area of the cutting compactor, the free surface of the materials is increased or these are broken up, so that an evaporation of the volatile substances is facilitated
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a crushing tool for plastic materials drivable to a rotary motion, comprising a carrier (1), which can be rotated about a rotational axis (B) centrally located on it and on the surface (3) of which tools (4) for the processing and crushing of the plastic materials are arranged. It is provided according to the present invention, that in the area of the rotational axis (B) of the carrier (1) a deflector (5) is arranged, wherein in an area of the carrier (1) connecting radially to the deflector (5) web- or strip-shaped conveyor wings (6) are arranged and in the area of the carrier (1) connecting to the conveyor wings (6) radially towards the edge (7) the tools (5) are arranged.