In-Line Cryogen Injection Cooling With Dual-Sensor Flow Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for rapid chilling of liquid food products, such as sauces, are limited by the responsiveness of modulating control valves and PID control loops, which cannot effectively manage the rapid cooling process, leading to temperature control issues and inefficiencies.

Innovation Solution

An in-line direct cryogenic cooling method and apparatus that injects cryogen directly into the fluid while adjusting the flow rate of the fluid based on downstream temperature measurements, using a controller to maintain a constant temperature difference between sensors, eliminating the need for modulating control valves and improving process stability and cryogen efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a modulating control valve with PID control loop is used to control cryogen flow, then temperature control is attempted, but the control system is too slow to respond to rapid changes in sauce and cryogen quality conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature controlVSAvoidcontrol response speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical modulating control valve system with a constant-opening valve combined with an electronic control system that adjusts cryogen flow rate electronically. This substitution eliminates the mechanical lag and responsiveness limitations of traditional valve-based control, enabling rapid adjustment to changing process conditions while maintaining reliable temperature control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the control parameter from valve opening position to electronic cryogen flow rate adjustment. By maintaining a constant valve opening and controlling flow rate through electronic means, the system achieves faster response times and better adaptability to rapid temperature changes in the chilling process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If cryogen flow is rapidly adjusted to achieve rapid chilling, then cooling speed increases, but temperature control precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling speedVSAvoidtemperature control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control system using temperature sensors that continuously monitor the chilling process and provide real-time data to the controller. This feedback mechanism enables the system to rapidly adjust cryogen flow rate while maintaining precise temperature control, resolving the contradiction between cooling speed and temperature precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs dynamic control of cryogen flow rate that adapts to changing process conditions. The system transitions from static valve positioning to dynamic electronic flow rate adjustment, enabling rapid response to temperature changes while maintaining control precision throughout the chilling process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If a modulating control valve is used in the cryogen pipeline, then flow adjustment is possible, but physical and mechanical limitations prevent effective rapid chilling control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow adjustment capabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the modulation function from the mechanical valve and transfers it to an electronic control system. By removing the modulating control valve and its associated mechanical complexity, the system achieves flow adjustment capability through simpler electronic means, reducing device complexity while maintaining adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an electronic controller as an intermediary between the constant-opening valve and the cryogen flow. This electronic mediator provides flow adjustment capability without the physical and mechanical limitations of traditional modulating valves, simplifying the overall control system while maintaining versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables faster and more efficient chilling of liquid products, improving temperature consistency, reducing waste, and enhancing productivity, while allowing for greater flexibility in processing high-heat load products and more effective cryogen use.

Implementation Method 1

injecting cryogen directly into the fluid to be cooled while the fluid flows through a pipeline

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

first measuring a temperature of the flowing fluid in the pipeline with a first temperature sensor after the injecting the cryogen, second measuring the temperature of the flowing fluid with a second temperature sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature measurement:

Implementation Method 3

adjusting a flow rate of the fluid through the pipeline responsive to a difference between temperature measurements of the first and second temperature sensors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow rate control:

Data Source

PatentEP3284352B1Method and apparatus for cooling fluids
Publication Date: 2019.03.27 LINDE AG
  • EP3284352B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3284352B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3284352B1 patent drawing

AI summary

In order to overcome the limitations and problems that earlier methods and apparatus / systems have experienced, a method for, in particular rapid, cooling of at least one fluid (15) is proposed, comprising - providing a source (12) of the fluid (15) to be cooled; - flowing the fluid (15) to be cooled through a pipeline (20); - injecting (26) cryogen into the fluid (15); - first measuring a temperature of the flowing fluid (15) in the pipeline (20) with a first temperature sensor (40) after the injecting (26) the cryogen; - second measuring the temperature of the flowing fluid (15) with a second temperature sensor (56) after the first measuring; and - adjusting a flow rate of the fluid (15) through the pipeline (20) responsive to a difference between temperature measurements of the first temperature sensor (40) and the second temperature sensor (56) while maintaining a rate of the injecting (26) of the cryogen and maintaining a temperature difference between the first temperature sensor (40) and the second temperature sensor (56). A corresponding apparatus (10) for, in particular rapid, cooling of at least one fluid (15) is also proposed.