Two-Stage Fluid Compression with Controlled Cryogenic Liquid Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fluid compression systems for liquid hydrogen pumps suffer from inefficiencies due to the discharge of excess liquid from the first compression stage, which can lead to vaporization gas in the bath, compromising thermodynamic quality and performance.
Innovation Solution
A fluid compression apparatus with a discharge orifice and non-return valve system that controls the discharge of surplus liquid from the first compression chamber to the bath, using a flow retarder to manage pressure drops and prevent re-entry, ensuring efficient transfer between compression stages.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If surplus liquid is discharged from the first compression chamber to the bath, then the compression chamber can be properly filled for the next intake phase, but vaporization gas is generated in the bath which compromises thermodynamic quality
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the harmful function of the discharge system by separating the discharge orifice from direct communication with the bath. The discharge orifice is equipped with a non-return valve that prevents discharged liquid from re-entering the compression chamber, and a flow retarder that dissipates the kinetic energy of discharged liquid before it reaches the bath, thereby preventing vaporization gas generation while maintaining proper chamber filling
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces intermediary elements between the discharge orifice and the bath: a non-return valve that acts as a one-way gate and a flow retarder (such as a baffle or porous medium) that slows down and dissipates the discharged liquid. These intermediaries prevent the discharged liquid from causing vaporization in the bath while still allowing the discharge function to operate
2Stability of the object's composition
If a discharge orifice is provided to remove surplus liquid, then filling of the compression chamber is improved, but the discharge of excess liquid generates vaporization in the bath
Solution Approach 1:
The flow retarder serves as an intermediary that dissipates the kinetic energy and pressure of discharged liquid before it reaches the bath. This prevents sudden temperature changes and vaporization in the bath, maintaining thermal stability while still allowing surplus liquid to be removed for proper chamber filling
3Productivity
If the discharge orifice allows free communication between the first compression chamber and the bath, then surplus liquid can be discharged, but fluid may re-enter the compression chamber during compression phase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the harmful reverse flow function by installing a non-return valve in the discharge orifice. This valve allows liquid to flow from the compression chamber to the bath during discharge phase but automatically closes to prevent any reverse flow during compression phase, ensuring reliable fluid retention while maintaining compression efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The non-return valve operates automatically based on pressure differential: it opens when pressure in the compression chamber exceeds bath pressure (allowing discharge) and closes when pressure reverses (preventing re-entry). This self-regulating mechanism ensures reliable one-way flow without requiring external control systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances the thermodynamic quality of liquid hydrogen by minimizing vaporization and maintaining consistent density, thereby improving the pump's performance and volumetric efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a discharge valve configured to control the discharge of liquid via the discharge orifice and to prevent fluid from entering the compression chamber via the discharge orifice
Implementation Method 2
a flow retarder configured to attenuate the speed and/or intensity of the discharged liquid flow by limiting its pressure drop
Implementation Method 3
a movable piston for ensuring the compression of the fluid in the first and second compression chambers
Implementation Method 4
the intake system comprises one or more valves configured to ensure that fluid for compression enters the first compression chamber during an intake phase and to prevent fluid from leaving in the compression phase
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a fluid compression apparatus and method comprising first and second compression chambers, an intake system into the first chamber, a transfer system from the first chamber to the second chamber, a piston for ensuring the compression of the fluid in the first and second chambers, and an orifice for discharging the compressed fluid, the intake system comprising one or more valves, the apparatus further comprising a discharge orifice allowing communication between the first compression chamber and the bath to allow surplus liquid trapped in the first compression chamber to leave during a compression movement of the piston in the first compression chamber, the apparatus comprising a discharge valve configured to control the discharge of liquid via the discharge orifice and to prevent fluid from entering the compression chamber via the discharge orifice.