Cryogenic Liquid Medium for Sub −110°C Calibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current thermostatic liquid baths are unable to maintain constant temperatures below −110°C due to the lack of suitable liquid mediums with low melting points and high boiling points, leading to volatility issues and an inability to meet temperature calibration requirements in this region.
Innovation Solution
A cryogenic liquid medium composed of non-toxic and harmless alkane, olefin, alcohol, or ether compositions with melting points lower than −110°C and standard boiling points higher than 50°C, allowing for the creation of binary, ternary, or multi-component mixtures that achieve lower atmospheric boiling points and prevent volatilization, thereby meeting the requirements for temperatures below −110°C.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If substances with low triple point such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, R124, R22 and R32 are used, then the liquid can exist at very low temperatures (−150°C or even −180°C), but the liquid is extremely easy to volatize due to excessive atmospheric boiling point
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the liquid medium by selecting substances with specific melting points (below −110°C) and boiling points (above 50°C), creating a balanced thermal profile that prevents both freezing at operational temperatures and excessive volatility. This parameter optimization resolves the contradiction between achieving low temperature capability and resisting volatilization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite liquid medium formulations combining multiple components (alkane compositions, olefin compositions, alcohol compositions, or ether compositions) to achieve the desired thermal properties. These composite mixtures provide tailored melting and boiling points that simultaneously enable low temperature operation while maintaining stability, thus resolving the volatility issue.
2Reliability
If commonly used thermostatic bath mediums such as methanol, ethanol and propanol are used, then the liquid is not easy to volatilize, but the viscosity at about −110°C is very high due to the limitation of the triple point
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the thermal parameters of the liquid medium by selecting substances with melting points below −110°C and boiling points above 50°C. This parameter change ensures that the liquid remains fluid at operational temperatures while maintaining low volatility, thereby resolving the contradiction between volatility resistance and temperature uniformity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite liquid formulations (alkane, olefin, alcohol, or ether compositions) that are specifically designed to maintain low viscosity at cryogenic temperatures. These composite materials provide optimal thermal conductivity and fluidity, enabling uniform temperature distribution while preventing volatilization.
3Measurement precision
If the liquid medium has high density and high heat capacity, then the thermostatic liquid bath can achieve constant temperature accuracy higher than air or other gas baths, but no suitable liquid medium exists for temperature region of −110°C and below
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends the temperature range coverage by changing the physical parameters of the liquid medium to have a melting point below −110°C and a boiling point above 50°C. This parameter adjustment allows the liquid to remain stable across the extended cryogenic range while maintaining the high density and heat capacity necessary for accurate temperature control, thus resolving the adaptability limitation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent develops composite liquid medium formulations specifically adapted for cryogenic temperature regions. These composite materials (alkane, olefin, alcohol, or ether compositions) provide the necessary thermal properties including high density and heat capacity, enabling accurate temperature measurement and control from −110°C to below, thereby extending the temperature range coverage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed cryogenic liquid medium effectively maintains low temperatures without volatilizing, enabling applications in large-scale production and use, being environmentally friendly and harmless to humans, and meeting the demand for temperature calibration in the −110°C and below range.
Implementation Method 1
the cryogenic liquid medium includes any one of an alkane composition, an olefin composition, an alcohol composition, and an ether composition... having a melting point lower than −110°C and a standard boiling point higher than 50°C
Implementation Method 2
achieve lower atmospheric boiling points and prevent volatilization
Data Source
AI summary
The cryogenic liquid medium provided by the present invention includes at least one of an alkane composition, an olefin composition, an alcohol composition and an ether composition, and each of the alkane composition, the olefin composition, the alcohol combination and the ether composition includes a corresponding non-toxic and harmless substance having a melting point lower than −110° C. and a standard boiling point higher than 50° C. Since the cryogenic liquid medium is formed by the non-toxic and harmless single substance having the melting point lower than −110° C. and the standard boiling point higher than 50° C. or a binary, ternary and multi-component mixture thereof, the cryogenic liquid medium has a lower atmospheric boiling point, and is difficult to volatilize. The eutectic crystal of the specific mixture can be used to achieve the liquid requirements of low temperature, especially the temperature below −110° C.