Cryogenic Rolling of Pure Titanium for Nanostructured Grain Refinement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for preparing bulk nanostructured pure titanium face challenges in achieving grain sizes less than 100 nm and maintaining ductility, as existing severe plastic deformation techniques result in grains larger than the nanostructured regime and low ductility.
Innovation Solution
A method involving cryogenic rolling of pure titanium plates using liquid nitrogen to cool them to between −125° C. and −50° C., followed by rolling to form bulk nanostructured pure titanium with grain sizes smaller than 100 nm, enhancing mechanical strength and biocompatibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If severe plastic deformation (SPD) is used to prepare bulk nanostructured Ti, then the mechanical strength is improved, but the grain size becomes larger than 100 nm and ductility decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies cryogenic temperature processing (cooling to -125°C to -50°C using liquid nitrogen) as a parameter change to enable grain refinement below 100 nm during rolling. This temperature parameter modification allows the material to achieve ultrafine grain structures that are not attainable at room temperature through conventional SPD methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary cooling of the titanium plate to cryogenic temperatures before applying the rolling process. This preliminary action prepares the material in a state that enables subsequent grain refinement to achieve grain sizes smaller than 100 nm, which would not be possible with room temperature processing.
2Strength
If severe plastic deformation (SPD) is used to prepare bulk nanostructured Ti, then the mechanical strength is improved, but the ductility becomes low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes cryogenic temperature as a parameter change that simultaneously improves strength and preserves ductility. The low temperature processing creates a unique state where the material can achieve ultrafine grain structures with enhanced mechanical properties while maintaining elongation to failure above 10%, resolving the typical strength-ductility trade-off.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method achieves bulk nanostructured pure titanium with improved mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and ductility, suitable for medical implants by refining grain sizes and optimizing mechanical properties.
Implementation Method 1
injecting liquid nitrogen onto the pure titanium plate to cool down the pure titanium plate to a temperature between −125° C. and −50° C.
Implementation Method 2
rolling the cooled pure titanium plate by the at least one roller to form the bulk nanostructured pure titanium
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to the preparation of bulk nanostructured pure titanium at cryogenic temperatures using rolling, allowing the whole microstructures of pure titanium to be refined into the one that the mean grain size is smaller than 100 nm.