Cryogenic Microscope Window Dry Gas Shield Against Condensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Cryogenic light microscopy faces challenges in inverted systems due to condensation formation on the glass window and cooling of the objective lens, which obstructs effective imaging and limits the usability of inverted microscopes in cryogenic environments.

Innovation Solution

The apparatus provides a targeted distribution of dry gas across the outer surface of a transparent window to prevent condensation and thermal cooling, using internal fluid channels and a protective layer of dry gas to isolate the window from ambient air and the objective lens.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the objective lens is positioned close to the sample for high-resolution imaging, then imaging quality is improved, but condensation forms on the glass window and the objective lens cools down, obstructing effective imaging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging qualityVSAvoidcondensation formation and objective lens cooling
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A stream of dry gas (nitrogen or air) is introduced as an intermediary between the objective lens and the cold glass window. This gas stream acts as a thermal barrier that prevents condensation from forming on the glass window and prevents the objective lens from cooling down, while allowing optical imaging to proceed at close proximity for high resolution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

Dry nitrogen gas is used to create an inert, dry atmosphere around the glass window and objective lens interface. This inert gas environment prevents moisture condensation on the cold glass window surface and maintains the objective lens at operational temperature, enabling sustained high-resolution imaging

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

2Ease of operation

If the objective lens is kept at ambient temperature, then ease of operation is improved, but the lens cools down due to proximity to the cryogenic sample, reducing usability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveobjective lens usabilityVSAvoidobjective lens temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

A stream of dry gas is introduced as a thermal intermediary between the ambient-temperature objective lens and the cryogenic sample environment. This gas stream reduces heat transfer from the lens to the cold environment, maintaining the lens at operational temperature and preserving ease of operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of using mechanical heating elements or thermal insulation structures to maintain objective lens temperature, the invention uses a flowing gas stream to provide thermal protection. This replaces complex mechanical thermal management systems with a simpler fluid-based approach

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If dry gas is distributed across the outer surface of the window, then condensation formation is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecondensation formationVSAvoidgas distribution system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The gas distribution system is segmented into multiple small openings arranged in a circular pattern around the glass window. This segmentation allows uniform distribution of dry gas across the window surface using simple geometry, avoiding the need for complex distribution mechanisms while effectively preventing condensation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Multiple localized gas outlets are positioned at specific locations around the glass window to deliver dry gas precisely where condensation would form. This localized approach targets the harmful effect at its source without requiring a complex system-wide gas distribution network

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables high-resolution cryogenic light microscopy with uninterrupted imaging, allowing seamless switching of objectives and maintaining sample integrity by preventing condensation and objective cooling, thus enhancing imaging quality and duration.

Implementation Method 1

condensation formation on the glass window... reducing or eliminating condensation formation on the window

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 2

mitigating cooling of objective lenses... acting as a thermal buffer to prevent the objective lens from cooling down

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal Insulation: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP4650852A1Apparatus and method of use of the apparatus for holding a sample to be optically inspected via an optical microscope whilst maintaining the sample at cryogenic temperatures
Publication Date: 2025.11.19 THE PROVOST FELLOWS FOUNDATION SCHOLARS AND THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY AND UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN
  • EP4650852A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4650852A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4650852A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Apparatus, a system and method of use are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a housing comprising a first end wall, a second end wall, spaced apart from the first end wall, and at least one side wall extending between the first end wall and the second end wall; an internal chamber in the housing comprising a first chamber region, for locating a sample to be optically inspected via an optical microscope, and a second chamber region, in fluid communication with the first chamber region, for holding a reservoir of liquid cryogen; a transparent window element in the housing for allowing a sample in the first chamber region to be optically inspected via an optical microscope and comprising an inner surface, facing the first chamber region, and an outer surface that is exposed to an exterior environment via an aperture that extends through the first end wall; at least one dry gas inlet at an outer surface of the housing, connectable to a supply of dry gas; at least one opening in the housing located adjacent the outer surface of the transparent window element and disposed around a central portion of the transparent window element; and at least one fluid communication passageway in the housing connecting the at least one dry gas inlet to the at least one opening for enabling distribution of dry gas across the outer surface of the transparent window element when dry gas is delivered to the at least one dry gas inlet.