Cryostat
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cryostats for high-purity germanium detectors face challenges with high liquid nitrogen consumption, complex structure, and mechanical vibration interference, making them unsuitable for remote areas and increasing operation difficulty and cost.
Innovation Solution
A cryostat design featuring a room temperature vessel, low temperature vessel, and refrigeration mechanism with independent openings and vibration isolators to reduce mechanical vibration interference and enable zero-evaporation storage, facilitating compact and low-vibration operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If liquid nitrogen automatic perfusion technology is used to reduce operation difficulty, then operation ease improves, but device complexity increases due to complicated structure and large-capacity storage tank requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the refrigeration function from the liquid nitrogen storage system by integrating a refrigerator into the Dewar. The refrigerator's liquefaction chamber is positioned within the Dewar's liquid nitrogen storage space, allowing the refrigerator to liquefy evaporated nitrogen gas directly in situ, eliminating the need for external automatic perfusion systems and large-capacity storage tanks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the storage function and refrigeration function into a single integrated system. The Dewar serves both as the storage container and the refrigerator housing, with the liquefaction chamber positioned inside the Dewar. This combination eliminates the need for separate automatic perfusion equipment and reduces overall system complexity.
2Loss of substance
If zero evaporation storage technology with refrigerator is used to reduce liquid nitrogen consumption, then loss of substance decreases, but object-generated harmful factors increase due to mechanical vibration and microphone noise from the refrigerator
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a nested structure where the refrigerator is placed inside the Dewar, and the liquefaction chamber is positioned within the liquid nitrogen storage space. This nested arrangement allows the refrigerator to directly liquefy evaporated nitrogen gas in situ, achieving zero evaporation storage while minimizing vibration transmission to external equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a vibration isolation mechanism as an intermediary between the refrigerator and the detector system. This isolation layer absorbs and dampens mechanical vibrations generated by the refrigerator's compression and liquefaction cycles, preventing them from interfering with the sensitive detector operations.
3Reliability
If liquid nitrogen is periodically injected into the Dewar to ensure stable operation, then reliability improves, but loss of time increases due to frequent maintenance and operation interruption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous refrigeration action through the integrated refrigerator system. The refrigerator operates continuously to liquefy evaporated nitrogen gas back into liquid form within the Dewar, maintaining stable detector operation without interruption. This eliminates the periodic maintenance cycles required by traditional liquid nitrogen injection methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The refrigerator system provides self-service by automatically liquefying evaporated nitrogen gas and returning it to liquid form within the Dewar. This self-regulating mechanism maintains the liquid nitrogen level and temperature stability without requiring external intervention or periodic manual refilling, thereby eliminating maintenance downtime.
4Ease of operation
If large-capacity liquid nitrogen storage tank is used to support automatic perfusion, then ease of operation improves, but volume of stationary object increases leading to larger floor area requirement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the storage tank and refrigerator into a single integrated unit. The Dewar serves dual purposes as both the liquid nitrogen storage container and the refrigerator housing, with the liquefaction chamber positioned inside the storage space. This merger eliminates the need for separate large-capacity storage tanks and external perfusion equipment, significantly reducing the overall volume and floor area requirement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves significant vibration reduction, reduces liquid nitrogen consumption, and allows for long-term maintenance-free operation, enhancing detector stability and accuracy while simplifying maintenance and reducing operational costs.
Implementation Method 1
a refrigeration mechanism (30), the refrigeration mechanism including a device panel (31) and a refrigeration device (32) installed to the device panel (31)
Implementation Method 2
A cryostat design featuring a room temperature vessel, low temperature vessel, and refrigeration mechanism with independent openings and vibration isolators to reduce mechanical vibration interference
Data Source
AI summary
A cryostat includes a room temperature vessel, a low temperature vessel, and a refrigeration mechanism. The room temperature vessel includes a room temperature tank, an outer neck tube and a sealing head. The low temperature vessel includes a low temperature tank, an inner neck tube and a liquefaction chamber. The liquefaction chamber corresponds to the first opening and passes through the first opening. The refrigeration mechanism includes a device panel and a refrigeration device. The device panel is disposed on the sealing head. The refrigeration device includes a body and a cold finger. The body is disposed at the device panel. The cold finger is connected with the body and extends into the liquefaction chamber.