Cryptlet Off-Chain Execution for Blockchain Scalability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current blockchain systems face inefficiencies in executing complex business logic and managing secure transactions, as they often require running logic directly on the blockchain, which can lead to performance issues and limitations in scalability and security.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of Cryptlets, which are code components that execute off-chain in secure environments, allowing for the separation of business logic from the blockchain while still utilizing the blockchain for state tracking and secure transactions, enabling more efficient and scalable transaction management through the Cryptlet Fabric.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If complex business logic is executed directly on the blockchain, then transaction security is maintained through decentralized verification, but system performance and scalability deteriorate due to the computational overhead on all nodes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransaction securityVSAvoidsystem performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the smart contract execution into two parts: a simplified version executed on-chain for security and verification, and a full version executed off-chain in a Cryptlet container for performance. This segmentation allows the system to maintain security through on-chain verification while achieving high performance through off-chain execution of complex business logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a Cryptlet container as an intermediary between the blockchain and complex business logic. The Cryptlet acts as a mediator that executes the full business logic off-chain, generates proofs of correct execution, and allows the blockchain to verify these proofs without executing the complex logic itself, thus resolving the contradiction between security and performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If complex business logic is executed directly on the blockchain, then transaction integrity is ensured through cryptographic verification, but scalability and deployment flexibility worsen due to blockchain constraints

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransaction integrityVSAvoidscalability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent moves the execution of complex business logic from the on-chain dimension to the off-chain dimension, while maintaining a verification link to the blockchain. This dimensional transition allows the system to achieve scalability and adaptability by executing unlimited complex logic off-chain, while the blockchain maintains integrity through cryptographic proof verification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a simplified copy of the business logic that can be executed on-chain for verification purposes. This copy contains only the essential verification logic needed to validate the off-chain execution proofs, allowing the system to maintain transaction integrity while enabling full scalability through off-chain execution of the complete business logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Adaptability or versatility

If smart contract logic is deployed directly on the blockchain, then decentralization is maintained, but deployment complexity and maintenance difficulty increase due to blockchain immutability and upgrade limitations

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovedecentralizationVSAvoiddeployment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic upgradability to the smart contract system by allowing the Cryptlet (off-chain execution environment) to be updated independently of the on-chain smart contract. The on-chain contract remains immutable for decentralization, while the off-chain Cryptlet can be dynamically upgraded to fix bugs, add features, or adapt to new requirements, thus reducing deployment complexity and maintenance difficulty.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3622662B1Cryptlet smart contract
Publication Date: 2024.01.10 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP3622662B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3622662B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3622662B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The disclosed technology is generally directed to secure transactions. In one example of the technology, a smart contract is generated based at least in part on a schema and provided information. The smart contract may be caused to be deployed on a ledger as a smart contract ledger instance. A unique address associated with the deployed smart contract ledger instance may be received. A cryptlet binding for a first contract cryptlet that is associated with the smart contract ledger instance may be generated. The cryptlet binding may be sent to the first contract cryptlet. Responsive to a state change associated with the first contract cryptlet, an update may be communicated to the smart contract ledger instance.