Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Detector with Radiopaque Markers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for detecting cerebrospinal fluid flow through shunts, such as ventriculoperitoneal shunts, are invasive and unreliable, often requiring uncomfortable procedures and skilled interpretation, and traditional imaging techniques fail to confirm fluid flow effectively due to occlusions and protein buildup.

Innovation Solution

A fluid flow detector with a rotatable wheel and radially extending arms equipped with radiopaque markers that move in response to cerebrospinal fluid flow, allowing X-ray imaging to visualize and quantify fluid movement through a shunt system.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional imaging techniques such as computed tomography scanning are used to detect cerebrospinal fluid flow, then the procedure is non-invasive, but the detection accuracy is insufficient due to inability to determine flow occurrence through occluded shunts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidflow detection capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

A radiopaque marker is introduced as an intermediary element within the shunt system. This marker serves as a mediator between the cerebrospinal fluid flow and the external imaging detection system, enabling accurate flow detection through its visible movement on imaging studies even when the shunt is occluded

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The radiopaque marker exhibits changes in its radiographic appearance (analogous to color changes) that indicate fluid flow status. The marker's visibility and position changes on imaging studies provide direct visual evidence of cerebrospinal fluid flow occurrence

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

2Reliability

If invasive procedures such as shunt tap are used to detect cerebrospinal fluid flow, then the detection reliability is improved, but the patient comfort and infection risk deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow detection reliabilityVSAvoidinfection risk and patient discomfort
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The radiopaque marker acts as an intermediary that enables reliable flow detection without requiring invasive procedures. By visualizing marker movement through non-invasive imaging, the system eliminates the need for shunt taps while maintaining detection reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invasive mechanical procedure of shunt tap is replaced with a non-invasive imaging-based detection system. The radiopaque marker transforms the detection mechanism from invasive fluid withdrawal to non-invasive visual observation of marker position changes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Stress or pressure

If shunt systems are used to drain cerebrospinal fluid, then the fluid flow pressure normalization is achieved, but the shunt occlusion due to protein buildup deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid flow pressureVSAvoidshunt patency
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The radiopaque marker is pre-installed in the shunt system before deployment. This preliminary placement enables continuous monitoring of shunt patency and flow status, allowing early detection of occlusion problems before they become critical

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The radiopaque marker provides visual feedback about shunt function and flow status. By observing marker movement on imaging studies, clinicians can determine whether the shunt is patent or occluded, enabling timely intervention to maintain shunt reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables non-invasive, accurate detection and quantification of cerebrospinal fluid flow, reducing patient discomfort and the need for invasive procedures, and providing reliable data for fluid flow confirmation.

Implementation Method 1

any flow of cerebrospinal fluid through the channel of the fluid flow detector causes movement of the rotatable wheel due to the force of the fluid flow against one or more of the radially extending arms

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow force: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 2

At least one of the radially extending arms includes at least one radiopaque marker in which movement of the rotatable wheel caused by the flow of cerebrospinal fluid through the channel allows an X-ray imaging apparatus to observe the difference in position of each respective radiopaque marker

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectX-ray imaging: X-Ray

Data Source

PatentEP3445440B1Systems and methods for a cerebrospinal fluid flow detector
Publication Date: 2023.04.05 DIGNITY HEALTH
  • EP3445440B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3445440B1 patent drawingFigure 3~6
  • EP3445440B1 patent drawingFigure 7~10

AI summary

Embodiments for a cerebrospinal fluid flow detector for detecting the flow of cerebrospinal fluid are disclosed. In some embodiments, the cerebrospinal fluid flow detector includes a casing with a rotatable wheel having a plurality of radially extending arms disposed therein. The rotatable wheel is in communication with a channel having a distal end in communication with an inlet port and a proximal end in communication with an outlet port such that the flow of cerebrospinal fluid through the channel causes the rotatable wheel to rotate. In some embodiments, each radially extending arm includes at least one radiopaque marker in which movement of the rotatable wheel caused by fluid flow through the channel allows an X-ray imaging apparatus to detect the difference in position of a respective radiopaque marker at multiple times caused by rotation of the rotatable wheel.