CSI Codebook Feedback for Near-Field MIMO Beamforming
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing MIMO wireless communication systems face significant gain loss in near-field regions due to the violation of plane wave approximation, and existing near-field precoding schemes are computationally complex and incompatible with standard protocols.
Innovation Solution
A subarray precoding method is employed, dividing the MIMO array into subarrays and using a codebook with codewords constructed from basis vectors to facilitate channel state information feedback, maintaining compatibility with existing protocols and improving beamforming gain.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional MIMO precoding based on plane wave approximation is used, then system compatibility and simplicity are maintained, but significant gain loss occurs in near-field regions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the MIMO array into multiple subarrays (e.g., first subarray and second subarray) and applies different precoding strategies to each subarray. This segmentation allows the system to handle near-field effects in specific regions while maintaining conventional processing elsewhere, thereby improving beamforming gain in near-field regions without requiring complete system redesign.
2Reliability
If existing near-field precoding schemes are implemented, then near-field performance is improved, but computational complexity increases and compatibility with standard protocols is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies near-field precoding only to specific subarrays that serve near-field users, while other subarrays continue to use conventional far-field precoding. This localized application of advanced processing reduces overall computational complexity compared to applying near-field precoding across the entire array, while still achieving performance improvement in the critical near-field region.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs the subarray precoding structure to be compatible with existing MIMO communication frameworks and protocols. The subarray precoding matrices are integrated into the standard precoding pipeline, allowing the system to maintain compatibility with conventional communication standards while adding near-field capability. This multi-functionality enables the same system to serve both near-field and far-field users effectively.
3Productivity
If larger-scale transceiver arrays are deployed to increase spectrum resources, then capacity increases but near-field effects become more significant and complex
Solution Approach 1:
For large-scale arrays, the patent divides the extensive array into multiple subarrays that can be independently processed. This segmentation makes the large array more manageable by breaking it into smaller, computationally tractable units. Each subarray can be configured and processed separately, reducing the overall complexity of managing and computing for the entire large-scale array while still achieving high spectrum capacity.
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided are a channel information feedback method, an electronic device, and a storage medium, where the method includes: determining a measurement result of channel state information according to a measured reference signal; determining a codebook, where the codebook includes at least two codewords; determining a codeword W within the codebook according to the measurement result; and feeding back indication information of the codeword W; where r column vectors of the codeword W are constructed according to the following basis vector model u: u=α1ν1α2ν2α3ν3⋮αKνK, where the basis vector model u includes K sub-vectors, the codebook includes at least two codewords W1 and W2, and basis vectors used for constructing a column vector in the codeword W1 form a basis vector set U1, and basis vectors used for constructing a column vector in the codeword W2 form a basis vector set U2, where the basis vector set U1 and the basis vector set U2 satisfies: the number of sub-vectors of at least one basis vector in the basis vector set U1 is different from the number of sub-vectors of a basis vector in the basis vector set U2. Channel information feedback of near-field communication is achieved, thereby enhancing beamforming gain.