CSI Feedback Using Multiple Codewords for Massive MIMO Precision

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Solution Overview

Problem

The precision of channel estimation in massive MIMO systems is severely limited by the difficulty in enhancing spatial resolution with high-dimensional codewords, especially with the increase in antenna array elements, as existing codebook-based feedback methods struggle to accurately represent channel information.

Innovation Solution

A method where user equipment uses multiple codewords to jointly identify downlink channel CSI values and transmits this information to the base station, allowing the base station to reconstruct downlink channel estimation using weight information, thereby improving precision without increasing codebook complexity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If channel quality information is not fed back in uplink MIMO systems, then device complexity is reduced, but system throughput and reliability deteriorate due to inability to adapt to channel variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeedback mechanism complexityVSAvoidsystem throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The channel state information feedback is segmented into two parts: first feedback information containing first channel quality information for first resource blocks, and second feedback information containing second channel quality information for second resource blocks. This segmentation allows the system to obtain channel quality information for different resource blocks separately, enabling frequency-selective scheduling while maintaining manageable feedback complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts only the essential channel quality information needed for scheduling decisions from the complete channel state, rather than feedback the full channel matrix. This extraction approach provides sufficient information for frequency-selective scheduling and beamforming decisions while significantly reducing feedback overhead and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Measurement precision

If channel quality information is fed back for all resource blocks, then frequency-selective scheduling accuracy is improved, but feedback overhead and processing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency-selective scheduling accuracyVSAvoidfeedback overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The feedback is divided into multiple segments corresponding to different resource block groups. Each segment contains channel quality information for a specific group of resource blocks, allowing the system to achieve frequency-selective scheduling accuracy without requiring feedback for every single resource block, thus reducing overall feedback overhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements partial feedback by providing channel quality information for representative resource blocks within each resource block group rather than for all resource blocks. This partial action approach maintains sufficient scheduling accuracy while significantly reducing the quantity of feedback information required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Device complexity

If frequency-selective scheduling is implemented without accurate channel quality information, then device complexity is reduced, but resource allocation efficiency and system capacity deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel measurement and feedback complexityVSAvoidresource allocation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The terminal performs preliminary channel quality measurements and feeds back this information before the scheduler makes resource allocation decisions. This preliminary action of providing channel quality information enables the base station to perform frequency-selective scheduling and beamforming in advance, improving resource allocation efficiency without requiring complex real-time channel measurement at the scheduler.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the terminal measures channel quality and feeds back this information to the base station. The base station then uses this feedback information to perform frequency-selective scheduling and beamforming, creating a closed-loop system that improves resource allocation efficiency while keeping device complexity manageable through standardized feedback procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3444982B1Channel state information feedback method, device and system
Publication Date: 2026.05.20 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3444982B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3444982B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3444982B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Embodiments of the present invention provide a channel state information feedback method, device, and system. The method includes: generating an uplink signal, where the uplink signal carries information for identifying multiple codewords and weights of the codewords; and transmitting the uplink signal to a base station, so that the base station estimates a downlink channel based on the multiple codewords and weight information of the codewords in the uplink signal. In the embodiments of the present invention, a user equipment UE side reports multiple codewords and weight information of the multiple codewords. This can resolve a problem in the prior art that precision of downlink channel estimation performed by a BS side is relatively low because only a single codeword is reported, and can effectively enhance precision indicated by channel information, without increasing complexity of a codebook design and implementation.