CSI Reporting Using Antenna Selection Matrices for Beam Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional MIMO communications systems have limited antenna beam coverage due to narrow beamwidth, resulting in restricted coverage areas and significant system performance losses.
Innovation Solution
A CSI reporting method and apparatus that selects precoding matrices from a codebook using a Kronecker product, where at least one of the matrices is an antenna selection matrix, allowing for the selection of antenna ports and phase weighting vectors to optimize antenna beam coverage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a narrow antenna beam is used, then signal quality is improved, but coverage area is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic antenna beam adjustment by allowing the base station to select different antenna ports and apply different weighting vectors based on channel state information. The antenna beam can be dynamically changed from narrow to wide configuration through precoding matrix selection, resolving the contradiction between signal quality and coverage area by making the beam width adaptable rather than fixed
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameters of antenna beam formation by selecting different precoding matrices from a codebook that includes matrices with different weighting vector configurations. By changing parameters such as weighting factors and antenna port combinations, the system can transition between narrow and wide beam configurations to optimize for either signal quality or coverage area as needed
2Ease of operation
If a fixed downtilt antenna beam is used, then antenna beam direction is controlled, but coverage area is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the antenna beam configuration dynamic by enabling the base station to select from multiple antenna ports and adjust weighting vectors based on feedback CSI. This allows the system to maintain directional control while adapting the coverage area, transitioning from a fixed downtilt configuration to a dynamically adjustable one that can expand coverage when needed
3Area of stationary object
If antenna beam coverage is expanded, then coverage area is improved, but system performance loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the terminal device sends channel state information (CSI) including precoding matrix indicators (PMI) back to the base station. This feedback loop enables the base station to adjust antenna beam configuration in response to actual channel conditions, expanding coverage only when channel quality permits, thereby avoiding system performance degradation that would result from indiscriminate coverage expansion
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention discloses a channel state information CSI reporting method and apparatus, and a base station antenna. In the method, at least one precoding matrix is selected from a codebook based on a reference signal sent by a base station, and CSI is sent to the base station. The CSI includes at least one selected precoding matrix indicator PMI, and the PMI is corresponding to the selected at least one precoding matrix. At least one precoding matrix W included in the codebook may be expressed as W = W1 ⊗ W2, W2, where ⊗ is a Kronecker product, and at least one of W1 or W2 is an antenna selection matrix. Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, the base station can select, according to the at least one precoding matrix that is fed back, one or more antenna ports to send a signal. Each antenna port is corresponding to one antenna element phase weighting vector. A different antenna element phase weighting vector is selected by selecting a different antenna port, so that an antenna beam is changed, which can effectively improve an antenna beam coverage status.