Multi-Energy CT Iron Quantification via Material Decomposition

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for determining iron content in blood require separate blood draws and laboratory analyses, which are time-consuming and inefficient, especially in busy clinical environments, and single energy computed tomography techniques cannot separate iron content from other blood components effectively.

Innovation Solution

A method using multi-energy computed tomography to acquire data at two energy levels, performing three-material decomposition to quantify iron content in blood, allowing for the determination of iron load and other characteristic values like haematocrit without the need for additional blood draws, by distinguishing iron from blood plasma and erythrocytes through spectral CT methods.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If single energy computed tomography is used, then the examination process is simple and fast, but iron content cannot be separated from other blood components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveiron content determinationVSAvoidcomputed tomography method
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by utilizing multi-energy computed tomography to acquire data at different energy levels. The attenuation coefficients of blood components vary with energy level, and by analyzing these energy-dependent parameter changes, the method can separate iron content from other blood components through material decomposition, thereby achieving precise iron quantification without increasing physical device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If separate blood draw and laboratory analysis are performed, then accurate blood characteristic values can be obtained, but additional time and effort are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblood characteristic valuesVSAvoidexamination time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the blood analysis function into the computed tomography examination process itself. By performing material decomposition on the CT data to determine iron content and other blood characteristics, the method combines imaging and laboratory analysis functions into a single integrated procedure, eliminating the need for separate blood draws and laboratory processing while maintaining measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The computed tomography system performs self-service by automatically determining blood characteristic values directly from the acquired imaging data. The material decomposition algorithm processes the multi-energy CT data to extract iron content and other blood parameters without requiring external laboratory analysis, enabling the examination system to provide both imaging and blood analysis functions independently.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Productivity

If multi-energy computed tomography is used, then iron content can be determined simultaneously with standard CT examination, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblood analysis efficiencyVSAvoidcomputed tomography system
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements universality by designing the computed tomography system to perform multiple functions: standard anatomical imaging and quantitative blood analysis. The multi-energy CT capability enables the same device to provide both structural imaging and functional blood parameter measurement, allowing iron content determination to be integrated into routine examinations without requiring separate dedicated equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the automatic and simultaneous determination of iron content and other diagnostically valuable blood characteristics during standard CT examinations, reducing the need for separate blood draws and laboratory analyses, and allowing for monitoring of conditions like anaemia and iron overload.

Implementation Method 1

computed tomography data of the patient for at least two energy levels of radiation is acquired using multi energy computed tomography

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectX-Ray: X-Ray

Implementation Method 2

attenuation coefficients for at least the region of interest are determined for each energy level

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption (EM radiation): Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentEP3556294B1Method for determining a characteristic blood value, computed tomography device, computer program and electronically readable storage medium
Publication Date: 2022.09.21 SIEMENS HEALTHCARE GMBH
  • EP3556294B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3556294B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3556294B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Method for determining at least one first characteristic value of blood in a patient, the at least one first characteristic value describing the iron content of the blood, characterised in that - in a computed tomography device (17), computed tomography data of the patient for at least two energy levels of radiation is acquired using multi energy computed tomography, - a region of interest (2) comprising blood is defined in at least one image data set reconstructed from the computed tomography data, - at least in the region of interest (2), attenuation coefficients are determined for each energy level, - material decomposition into at least two materials, one material being iron, is performed using the attenuation coefficients, yielding at least a fraction of iron in the region of interest (2), and - the first characteristic value is determined as and/or from the iron fraction.