Cube Antenna Layout for High-Gain Omnidirectional Reception
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current outdoor terminal antennas face challenges in installation complexity and performance due to the need for precise alignment of directional antennas, which increases size and reduces reliability, and omnidirectional antennas offer lower gains, compromising performance.
Innovation Solution
The design features N antenna ports and M directional polarization antennas evenly distributed on a cube's surfaces, with specific polarization directions, allowing for combined channels and reduced interference, improving gain and installation flexibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a directional antenna is used to improve gain, then antenna gain is improved, but installation complexity increases due to the need for precise alignment
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into multiple directional polarization antennas (at least four) arranged in different spatial directions, each handling specific polarization components. This segmentation allows the system to achieve omnidirectional coverage through combination while maintaining the directional gain benefits of individual antennas, eliminating the need for precise alignment during installation.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system performs multiple functions simultaneously: it provides omnidirectional coverage, maintains high gain, and supports both vertical and horizontal polarizations. By integrating multiple directional antennas with different polarization orientations, the system achieves universal functionality that replaces the need for separate omnidirectional and directional antenna solutions.
2Ease of operation
If an omnidirectional antenna is used to simplify installation, then installation complexity is reduced, but antenna gain deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple directional polarization antennas are merged into a unified antenna system where their signals are combined through a receiving unit. This merging creates an effective omnidirectional antenna system that maintains high gain characteristics from the directional components while achieving omnidirectional coverage, thus improving upon traditional omnidirectional antennas without sacrificing gain.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system uses a composite structure combining multiple directional antennas with different polarization characteristics. This composite antenna system leverages the strengths of each component antenna to achieve both high gain and omnidirectional coverage, effectively creating a hybrid solution that overcomes the limitations of single-type antenna designs.
3Power
If a rotatable directional antenna with built-in motor is used to improve gain, then antenna gain is improved, but device complexity and size increase
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a mechanically rotatable antenna system, the invention employs a static multi-antenna configuration where electronic signal processing dynamically combines inputs from multiple fixed directional antennas. This dynamic electronic approach replaces mechanical rotation, eliminating motors and moving parts while maintaining the ability to optimize signal reception from different directions.
4Power
If a rotatable directional antenna is used to improve gain, then antenna gain is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to motor contact with RF connector
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the motor component from the antenna system entirely. By using multiple fixed directional polarization antennas with electronic signal combination, the system achieves high gain without requiring any rotating mechanical parts, thereby eliminating the reliability issues associated with motor-connector contact and improving overall system reliability.
Data Source
Figure 1~2(a)
Figure 2(b)~2(c)
Figure 3(a)~3(b)
AI summary
An antenna apparatus and a communications apparatus are provided and include: N antenna ports and M directional polarization antennas, where M is K times 4, N is an integer multiple of 4, N and M are integers greater than 0, and K is an even number greater than 0; the M directional polarization antennas are evenly distributed on four surfaces of a cube, each surface includes K directional polarization antennas, a polarization direction of K/2 directional polarization antennas on each surface is a first polarization direction, and a polarization direction of other K/2 directional polarization antennas on each surface is a second polarization direction; and on two neighboring surfaces or two opposing surfaces of the four surfaces, K directional polarization antennas in a same polarization direction are combined into one channel, and are connected to one of the N antenna ports, and each of the N antenna ports is connected to the K directional polarization antennas.