Active Energy Ray Curable Composition Oxygen Inhibition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Radical polymerization in active energy ray curable compositions is often inhibited by oxygen, leading to reduced curability, as existing compositions lack effective means to enhance reactivity and stability of radical polymerizable compounds.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a photopolymerization initiator that includes a sulfur compound, such as sulfone or thiobenzoyl compounds, and an acyl phosphine oxide compound, along with an amine compound, to improve the polymerization reaction's efficiency and reduce oxygen inhibition, thereby enhancing the curability of the composition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a radical polymerizable compound is used in an active energy ray curable composition, then the composition is lower in cost and higher in versatility, but the polymerization reaction is easily inhibited by oxygen dissolved in the composition and oxygen in the atmosphere, reducing curability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a photopolymerization initiator system comprising a sulfur compound and an acyl phosphine oxide compound as intermediaries to facilitate the polymerization reaction. This initiator system mediates between the radical polymerizable compound and active energy rays, enabling effective curing even in the presence of oxygen by generating radicals that can overcome oxygen inhibition
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite photopolymerization initiator system combining a sulfur compound (first photopolymerization initiator) and an acyl phosphine oxide compound (second photopolymerization initiator). This composite approach leverages the complementary properties of both initiators to achieve superior curability while maintaining the use of radical polymerizable compounds
2Ease of operation
If oxygen is present in the active energy ray curable composition or atmosphere, then the composition can be handled and stored more easily, but the polymerization reaction is inhibited, reducing curability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of oxygen (which normally inhibits radical polymerization) into a beneficial outcome by using a photopolymerization initiator system that generates sufficient radicals to overcome oxygen inhibition. The sulfur compound and acyl phosphine oxide compound work synergistically to produce a high concentration of active radicals that can polymerize the monomer even in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, thus allowing easy handling and storage without compromising curability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combination of sulfur and acyl phosphine oxide compounds with an amine compound improves the curability of the active energy ray curable composition, reducing oxygen inhibition and promoting effective curing, even in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, while maintaining low viscosity and minimizing yellowing of the cured product.
Implementation Method 1
an active energy ray curable composition is provided that is cured by irradiation of active energy rays. The active energy ray curable composition contains an (A) radical polymerizable compound, a (B) photopolymerization initiator
Implementation Method 2
a polymerization reaction of a radical polymerizable compound by irradiation of active energy rays is easily inhibited by oxygen dissolved in the active energy ray curable composition and oxygen in the atmosphere
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an active energy ray curable composition cured by irradiation of active energy rays. The active energy ray curable composition contains an (A) radical polymerizable compound, a (B) photopolymerization initiator, and a (C) amine compound. The (B) photopolymerization initiator includes a (B1) sulfur compound and a (B2) acyl phosphine oxide compound. The (B1) sulfur compound is at least one of a sulfone compound and a thiobenzoyl compound.