Current Mirror Biasing With Switched Reference Resistors

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Achieving accurate and efficient voltage supply independent current biasing in amplifiers, particularly in GaAs and GaN technologies where pFETs are not available, is challenging due to variations in supply voltage, process, temperature, and design differences.

Innovation Solution

An enhanced current mirror system that includes a current controller with a reference resistor component, a voltage adjuster, and a comparator, which adjusts the resistance by switching in or out reference resistors based on supply voltage levels to maintain optimal bias current, mitigating variations and ensuring accuracy across different supply voltages.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a fixed reference resistor is used in the current mirror, then the circuit is simple, but the bias current varies significantly with supply voltage changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit complexityVSAvoidbias current stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the reference resistor value changeable based on supply voltage conditions. The circuit dynamically selects between different resistor values (Rref1 for lower voltages, Rref2 for higher voltages) using voltage-dependent switches controlled by comparators that monitor the supply voltage level, allowing the bias current to remain stable across varying supply conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the resistance parameter of the reference resistor based on supply voltage levels. By switching between different resistance values (Rref1 and Rref2) depending on whether the supply voltage is above or below a threshold, the circuit compensates for voltage variations and maintains stable bias current despite changes in the supply voltage parameter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If multiple reference resistors are used to cover different supply voltage ranges, then the bias current accuracy improves, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebias current accuracyVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the supply voltage operating range into different zones, each handled by a specific reference resistor value. The voltage range is divided such that Rref1 serves lower voltage segments while Rref2 serves higher voltage segments, with comparators detecting which segment is active and selecting the appropriate resistor to maintain accuracy across the full voltage range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces intermediary components (comparators and control switches) that mediate between the supply voltage and the reference resistor selection. These intermediaries detect the supply voltage level and automatically select the appropriate reference resistor, reducing the need for manual intervention and simplifying the overall system operation despite the presence of multiple resistors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Stability of the object's composition

If the reference resistor resistance is adjusted to compensate for supply voltage variations, then the bias current stability improves, but the control mechanism becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebias current stabilityVSAvoidcontrol mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback by using comparators to continuously monitor the supply voltage level and automatically adjust the reference resistor selection accordingly. The comparators provide feedback signals that trigger switches to change the reference resistor value when supply voltage crosses threshold levels, creating a closed-loop system that maintains bias current stability without complex manual control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The circuit performs self-service by automatically detecting supply voltage variations and adjusting its own configuration through the comparator-controlled switches. The system monitors its own operating conditions and autonomously selects the appropriate reference resistor value, eliminating the need for external intervention or complex control mechanisms while maintaining bias current stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP4164119A1Enhanced current mirror for multiple supply voltages
Publication Date: 2023.04.12 MACOM TECH SOLUTIONS HLDG INC
  • EP4164119A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4164119A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4164119A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An enhanced current mirror can be utilized to accurately control a bias current associated with an amplifier. A current controller component (CCC) can employ the enhanced current mirror and can be associated with the amplifier. The CCC can comprise a comparator that can compare an adjusted supply voltage level to a reference voltage level, the adjusted supply voltage level relating to a supply voltage level of a supply voltage supplied to the amplifier and CCC. The CCC can control switching of an operational state of a transistor of the comparator to switch in or out a resistance of a reference resistor component associated with the supply voltage, based on a result of the comparison of the adjusted supply voltage level to the reference voltage level, to facilitate accurately controlling an amount of bias current associated with the amplifier. The CCC and amplifier can be situated on the same die.