Current-Mode Input Circuit Bias Feedback for RF Power Headroom

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wireless transmitters face limitations in output power due to reduced voltage headroom and increased power consumption, particularly when transmitting RF signals across various protocols and frequencies, which affects performance and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A wireless communication system that includes a digital voltage-controlled attenuator (DVCA) and multiple DC current sources to adjust bias voltage and RF signal power, coupled with a current-mode amplifier circuit to maintain voltage headroom and reduce power consumption, allowing for efficient transmission across different protocols and frequencies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If a drive amplifier or gain stage is used to increase the power of the transmitted signal, then the transmitted signal power is improved, but the power consumption of the transmitter increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmitted signal powerVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operating parameters of the amplifier by dynamically adjusting the bias voltage based on the RF signal power level. When RF signal power is high, the bias voltage is reduced to lower power consumption; when RF signal power is low, the bias voltage is increased to maintain signal quality. This parameter adjustment resolves the contradiction between transmitted signal power and power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stress or pressure

If bias voltage is increased to drive transmitter components, then the voltage headroom is improved, but the power consumption increases due to current sinking through internal resistances

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage headroomVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic bias voltage adjustment mechanism that continuously adapts the bias voltage level according to the RF signal power. Instead of using a fixed high bias voltage that consumes excessive power, the system dynamically lowers the bias voltage when RF signal power is sufficient, thereby reducing current through internal resistances and minimizing power consumption while maintaining adequate voltage headroom only when necessary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If the transmitter is configured to support multiple transmission protocols and frequency ranges, then the adaptability is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotocol and frequency supportVSAvoidtransmitter configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a universal bias voltage adjustment mechanism that operates across multiple transmission protocols and frequency ranges. The dynamic bias control system is designed to be protocol-agnostic and frequency-independent, providing a single unified approach that works for all supported protocols and frequency bands. This eliminates the need for separate bias control circuits for each protocol or frequency, thereby maintaining adaptability while reducing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP2557685B1System and method for preserving input impedance of a current-mode circuit
Publication Date: 2021.06.23 APPLE INC
  • EP2557685B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2557685B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2557685B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a circuit comprises an input node configured to receive a current-mode input signal and an input stage that includes an input device communicatively coupled to the input node. The input device is configured to receive the input signal at the input node. The circuit additionally comprises bias circuitry communicatively coupled to the input stage and configured to provide a bias current for the input device. The bias circuitry is also configured to remove at least a portion of the bias current from the input signal through a feedback loop associated with the input node such that the input signal is received by the input device with at least a portion of the bias current removed. The circuit further comprises an output stage communicatively coupled to the input stage and configured to output a current-mode output signal based on the input signal.