Current Transformer Power Module With Resonant Loss Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional current transformers are bulkier and not compatible with applications requiring a compact power supply for electronic devices, particularly for providing a minimum electrical current of a few hundreds of microamperes during startup.
Innovation Solution
A module for converting alternating electrical energy into direct electrical energy, comprising a magnetic current transformer, a compensation capacitor for energy loss compensation, a voltage conversion block, an impedance matching block, and a voltage regulation block, optimized by a Greinacher voltage doubler circuit and a storage capacitor, to power resistive loads efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If a conventional current transformer is used to convert AC to DC, then the electrical energy conversion function is achieved, but the device becomes bulky and incompatible with compact applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the power supply module into distinct functional blocks: a current transformation block with magnetic current transformer, a voltage conversion block with Greinacher circuit, an energy storage block, and an output voltage regulation block. This segmentation allows each block to be optimized independently, contributing to overall compactness while maintaining reliability through specialized function execution in each segment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a compensation capacitor with specifically calculated capacitance (C1 = 1/(L1×ω0²)) to compensate for energy losses in the magnetic current transformer. This parameter optimization enables the system to achieve reliable energy supply with reduced component sizes, directly addressing the contradiction between compactness and reliability.
2Volume of moving object
If the magnetizing inductance of the current transformer is reduced to shrink component size, then the device becomes more compact, but energy loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful energy loss in the magnetic current transformer into a beneficial effect by introducing a compensation capacitor that creates a resonant circuit. The capacitor compensates for the energy dissipated by the magnetizing inductance, transforming what would be wasted energy into useful resonant energy that improves overall efficiency. This allows the use of smaller magnetizing inductance values without sacrificing energy efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the capacitance value of the compensation capacitor based on the magnetizing inductance value and operating frequency, using the formula C1 = 1/(L1×ω0²). This parameter optimization ensures that the resonant circuit efficiently compensates for energy losses, enabling compact transformer design while maintaining or improving energy efficiency.
3Loss of energy
If a compensation capacitor with resonant effect is introduced to optimize energy collection, then energy efficiency improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The compensation capacitor serves multiple functions simultaneously: it compensates for energy losses in the magnetic current transformer, creates a resonant effect to optimize energy collection, and works with the Greinacher voltage doubler circuit to achieve voltage multiplication. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional separate components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while achieving improved energy efficiency.
4Power
If the module is designed to supply minimum current of a few hundreds of microamperes during startup, then startup capability is improved, but component size constraints become more challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates an energy storage block with a storage capacitor that is charged during normal operation and discharged during startup to provide the necessary minimum current of a few hundreds of microamperes. This preliminary energy storage action enables the module to meet startup current requirements without requiring larger power components that would increase overall module volume.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The module achieves a compact design while optimizing energy collection and supply, ensuring a stable and efficient power delivery to electronic devices, such as circuit boards, by compensating energy losses and matching impedance, resulting in higher voltage output with reduced component size.
Implementation Method 1
a magnetic current transformer (15), having an equivalent magnetizing inductance (L1), configured to transform an alternating electrical energy
Implementation Method 2
the compensation capacitor (22) creates a resonant effect with the current transformation block (4)
Data Source
AI summary
A module for supplying electrical energy configured to convert alternating electrical energy into direct electrical energy to power a resistive load. The module includes a current transformation block including a magnetic current transformer having an equivalent magnetizing inductance, a block for converting alternating voltage into direct voltage, an energy storage block, and an output voltage regulation block suitable for supplying electrical energy to the resistive load. The block for converting alternating voltage into direct voltage includes a compensation capacitor configured to compensate an energy loss due to the magnetic current transformer, the block for converting alternating voltage into direct voltage being connected between the current transformation block and the energy storage block.