Rotating Cutting Tool Cooling Channels for Higher Edge Heat Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cooling channel designs in cutting tools are ineffective due to low heat transfer coefficients and inefficient coolant delivery to the hottest regions of the cutting edge, requiring high energy consumption for fluid delivery in multi-axis milling centers.
Innovation Solution
The cooling channel features an elongated cross-sectional shape with an elliptical portion proximate the cutting edge, utilizing centrifugal force to propel coolant into the nucleate boiling region, enhancing heat transfer and thermal energy removal.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If circular cross-section cooling channels are used, then the tool structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the heat transfer coefficient is low and cooling effectiveness is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies asymmetry by changing the cooling channel cross-section from a conventional circular shape to an elongated shape with aspect ratios between 2:1 and 10:1. This asymmetric geometry creates non-uniform flow distribution that enhances heat transfer coefficients by maintaining the coolant in the nucleate boiling region longer and improving contact with the cutting edge surfaces.
2Reliability
If high pressure coolant delivery is used, then coolant can be delivered to the cutting area, but energy consumption increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by utilizing the rotational motion of the cutting tool itself to generate centrifugal forces that propel coolant through the channels and out to the cutting edges. This dynamic approach converts the tool's rotational kinetic energy into coolant flow pressure, eliminating or reducing the need for high-power coolant pumps while maintaining reliable coolant delivery.
3Temperature
If conventional cooling channels are used, then coolant is delivered to the cutting area, but the coolant does not reach the hottest regions effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by positioning the elongated cooling channels specifically along the cutting edges where heat generation is most intense. The channels are configured to deliver coolant directly to the tooth root and cutting edge regions, ensuring that the hottest areas receive the most cooling. The elongated geometry allows coolant to be distributed along the length of the cutting edge rather than just at discrete points.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design improves heat transfer rates, reduces energy consumption, and increases material removal rates, leading to lower costs, higher productivity, and reduced coolant usage, while minimizing thermal shock and extending tool life.
Implementation Method 1
The at least one cooling channel may be configured such that a centrifugal force propels the liquid coolant into the elliptical portion
Implementation Method 2
The elongated cross sectional shape of the at least one cooling channel may be configured to maintain a liquid coolant within a nucleate boiling region
Data Source
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AI summary
A cutting tool comprising a tool body (10) comprising a shank (12) and a cutter (14) opposite the shank (12), the body (10) defining a length (L) from a shank end (16) to an end face (18) opposite the shank end (16), a central axis extends along the length (L) of the body (10); at least one tooth (22) having a cutting edge (24), the cutting edge (24) extending along the tooth (22) from the shank (12) to the end face (18); a flute (26)formed adjacent the at least one tooth (22); at least one cooling channel (30) formed in the tooth (22) proximate the at least one cutting edge (24), the at least one cooling channel (30) having an elongated cross sectional shape with an elliptical portion (32) and a circular portion (34) opposite the elliptical portion (32), wherein the elliptical portion (32) is located proximate the cutting edge (24).