Rotary Cutting Tool Distributor Screw for Uniform Coolant Dispensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing rotary-drivable cutting tools face issues with uneven distribution of coolant/lubricant, leading to inadequate cooling of some cutting edges and increased wear, as well as difficulties in thermal expansion control during high-precision machining.
Innovation Solution
A cutting tool design featuring a distributor screw with a flow section of reduced diameter between thread webs and a cylindrical annular space around it, allowing for even distribution of coolant/lubricant across the entire circumference without additional radial grooves on the end face, and optionally incorporating a tapering annular space for enhanced flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a centrally extending coolant/lubricant supply channel with a coolant screw is used, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the coolant/lubricant is not applied evenly across the entire circumference
Solution Approach 1:
The single central coolant supply channel is segmented into multiple radial coolant supply channels that distribute coolant to different circumferential zones. The coolant screw is correspondingly segmented with multiple coolant injection holes arranged circumferentially, transforming a single-point supply into a distributed multi-point supply system that achieves uniform circumferential coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
The coolant distribution system transitions from a one-dimensional axial flow (single central channel) to a two-dimensional radial distribution pattern (multiple channels arranged circumferentially). This dimensional expansion allows coolant to be delivered uniformly across the entire circumference rather than concentrating flow along a single axial path.
2Manufacturing precision
If multiple radial grooves are milled into the end face to distribute coolant, then uniform cooling is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The coolant distribution function is merged into the coolant screw itself rather than requiring separate grooves in the end face. The coolant injection holes in the screw and the radial channels integrate the distribution mechanism into the existing fastening component, eliminating the need for additional cooling-specific features and reducing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The coolant screw serves dual functions: it secures the end face components (mechanical fastening) and simultaneously distributes coolant through its integrated injection holes and radial channels (coolant distribution). This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate coolant distribution grooves, reducing structural complexity while maintaining uniform cooling.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures uniform cooling of all cutting edges, reducing tool wear and improving thermal expansion control, thus maintaining precise manufacturing tolerances.
Implementation Method 1
the coolant/lubricant flowing in through axial grooves between the threaded webs can distribute itself and flow evenly on all sides of the cutting tool
Implementation Method 2
The coolant/lubricant is applied to the circumference of the reamer near the cutting edge(s) via this radial channel, thus cooling and lubricating both the cutting edge(s) and the workpiece
Implementation Method 3
The coolant/lubricant is applied to the circumference of the reamer near the cutting edge(s) via this radial channel, thus cooling and lubricating both the cutting edge(s) and the workpiece
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~5
Figure 6~7
AI summary
A distributor screw (1) and a cutting tool are created, which form an annular space between a shank (30A, 30B) of the distributor screw (1) and a bore into which the distributor screw (1) is introduced. In the annular space, coolant/lubricant fed via axial grooves (10) from a central coolant/lubricant supply duct is distributed uniformly, in order to be diverted radially in all directions, i.e. through 360°, at a distributor head (40) of the distributor screw (1), and to be dispensed uniformly in the direction of the tool cutting lips.