Insert Type Cutting Tool High-Speed Centrifugal Force Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-speed rotation of insert type cutting instruments leads to centrifugal force-induced displacement and damage due to inadequate attachment of inserts, resulting in compromised cutting accuracy and efficiency, especially when cutting aluminum or aluminum base alloys.
Innovation Solution
The design features first and second through-holes and screw holes in the insert and insert seat, respectively, with specific inclination angles and engagement protrusions/recessed portions, ensuring the insert is securely attached by clamping screws that counteract centrifugal forces and moments, maintaining positional accuracy and preventing displacement during high-speed rotation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the instrument main body is rotated at high speed to improve cutting efficiency, then productivity increases, but centrifugal force causes insert displacement and attachment reliability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The attachment system is segmented into multiple components: insert seat with positioning protrusions, insert with corresponding recesses, and clamping screws. This segmentation allows each component to address specific aspects of the attachment problem, ensuring stable fixation at high rotation speeds
Solution Approach 2:
The clamping screws apply clamping force in the opposite direction of centrifugal force to counterbalance the outward pull on the insert. This counteracting force ensures the insert remains firmly attached even during high-speed rotation when centrifugal forces are significant
2Strength
If clamping screws are used to tightly attach the insert, then attachment strength improves, but the insert may still displace under centrifugal force at high rotation speeds
Solution Approach 1:
The insert seat includes positioning protrusions that asymmetrically engage with corresponding recesses on the insert. This asymmetric geometry provides precise positional alignment and prevents displacement in specific directions, complementing the symmetric clamping force from the screws
Solution Approach 2:
The solution merges multiple attachment mechanisms: mechanical engagement through positioning protrusions and recesses, and clamping force through screws. This combination of engagement and clamping provides both precise positioning and strong retention, ensuring reliability at high rotation speeds
3Strength
If the insert is pushed toward the axis by clamping screws, then attachment tightness improves, but cutting accuracy may deteriorate due to insert displacement
Solution Approach 1:
The positioning protrusions and recesses are pre-configured to establish precise geometric alignment between the insert and insert seat before clamping. This preliminary positioning ensures the insert is correctly oriented, and subsequent clamping maintains this accurate position without causing displacement
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration ensures tight attachment of the insert, preventing displacement and damage during high-speed operation, enhancing cutting accuracy and efficiency by aligning the insert's push direction with the opposite of centrifugal forces and moments, while also reducing cutting resistance through the design of the cutting edges.
Implementation Method 1
When the instrument main body is high-speed rotated as mentioned above, a centrifugal force acts on the insert with increasing rotation speed of the instrument main body, and thereby the insert may be displaced with respect to the instrument main body.
Implementation Method 2
the clamping screw is tightly screwed into a screw hole formed in the insert seat, and thereby the insert is tightly attached to the insert seat
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
This insert-type cutting tool (1) includes: an insert (20) formed as a flat polygonal plate, and which has an upper surface (21) formed as a rake surface and a lower surface (22); a tool main body (10) which has a recessed portion (13) formed on an outer side surface of a head portion (12) of the tool main body (10); and an insert seat (14) formed on a wall surface of the recessed portion (13) facing in a normal rotation direction of the tool main body (10), and to which the insert (20) is attached so that the upper surface (21) of the insert (20) faces in the normal rotation direction of the tool main body (10). A first through-hole (31A) and a second through-hole (31B) are formed in the insert (20). A first screw hole (15A) and a second screw hole (15B) are formed in the insert seat (14) of the tool main body (10) so that the first screw hole (15A) is separated from the second screw hole (15B) in an axial direction of the tool main body (10). The insert (20) is mounted on the insert seat (14) so that the center of the first screw hole (15A) is located closer to the axis (O) and to the base end of the tool main body (10) than the center of the first through-hole (31A), and the center of the second screw hole (15B) is located closer to the axis (O) and closer to the base end of the tool main body (10) than a center of the second through-hole (31B). A first inclination angle θ1 formed by the intersection of a straight line passing trough the centre of the first screw hole (15A) and the center of the first through-hole (31A) with the axis (O) is less than or equal to a second inclination angle θ2 formed by the intersection of a straight line passing through the center of the second screw hole (15B) and the center of the second through-hole (31B) with the axis (O).