Cross-Groove Constant Velocity Joint for Stable Cage Positioning

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Solution Overview

Problem

Fixed type constant velocity universal joints, particularly the six-ball crossing type, experience instability and torque loss at higher operating angles due to rotational forces applied to the cage, leading to reduced operability and efficiency in transmitting rotational power.

Innovation Solution

The six-ball fixed type constant velocity universal joint is designed with track grooves on the outer and inner joint members inclined between 8° and 16° with respect to the joint axial line, preventing wedge angles from becoming zero during rotation, thus stabilizing the cage and maintaining efficient torque transmission within normal operating angles of propeller shafts.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the track grooves are formed with inclination directions opposite to each other in the crossing type configuration, then the cage is stabilized at the joint center and torque loss is suppressed, but at high operating angles the wedge angles become zero or reverse direction causing rotational force to be applied to the cage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque lossVSAvoidcage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the geometric parameters of the track grooves by introducing an inclination angle α (5° ≤ α ≤ 15°) relative to the axial direction. This parameter modification ensures that the wedge angles formed by the track grooves remain positive throughout the rotation cycle, preventing the cage from being subjected to rotational forces while maintaining the stabilizing effect of the crossing type configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Power

If the wedge angles become zero or reverse direction during rotation, then the balls are released from holding positions but rotational force is applied to the cage causing instability, yet maintaining constant velocity transmission requires proper wedge angle formation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque transmissionVSAvoidcage position stability
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

By modifying the track groove inclination angle α to be within 5° to 15°, the patent ensures that wedge angles remain positive during rotation, maintaining ball holding positions and preventing cage instability while enabling effective torque transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces asymmetric inclination of the track grooves relative to the axial direction, creating a specific geometric configuration where the grooves are inclined at angle α. This asymmetric design ensures that the wedge angles formed do not become zero or reverse, maintaining stable ball positioning and cage stability throughout the rotation cycle.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration effectively suppresses torque loss and heat generation, enhancing the joint's efficiency and durability while maintaining desired performance within the typical operating range of propeller shafts.

Implementation Method 1

track grooves on the outer and inner joint members inclined between 8° and 16° with respect to the joint axial line, preventing wedge angles from becoming zero during rotation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWedge angle mechanism: Wedge

Data Source

PatentEP3067582B1Stationary constant velocity universal joint
Publication Date: 2021.04.21 NTN CORP
  • EP3067582B1 patent drawingFigure 1a
  • EP3067582B1 patent drawingFigure 1b
  • EP3067582B1 patent drawingFigure 2a

AI summary

Six track grooves (7) formed in a spherical inner peripheral surface (6) of an outer joint member (2) are each formed into an arc shape having a curvature center at a joint center (O) . The track grooves (7) are inclined in a circumferential direction of the outer joint member (2) with respect to a joint axial line (N-N), and are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with their inclination directions opposite to each other. Six track grooves (9) formed in a spherical outer peripheral surface (8) of an inner joint member (3) are formed so as to be mirror-image symmetrical with the track grooves (7) paired therewith of the outer joint member (2) with respect to a joint center plane (P) at an operating angle of 0°. An inclination angle (γ) of each of the track grooves (7) of the outer joint member (2) with respect to the joint axial line (N-N) is set to 8° or more and 16° or less.