Extended CVD Risk Panel Using Biochemical Assays
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment methods are limited by their inability to provide a comprehensive evaluation of traditional and new risk factors, leading to inadequate diagnosis and treatment plans, particularly due to the labor-intensive and artifact-prone ultracentrifugation methods for lipoprotein separation and the lack of consistent use of advanced markers like HDL subpopulations and inflammatory markers.
Innovation Solution
An extended CVD-risk panel that combines traditional risk factors with new markers, including HDL subpopulations by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, inflammatory markers, and genetic testing, to provide a more detailed assessment of lipoprotein and glucose metabolism, inflammation, and drug efficacy, facilitating personalized treatment plans.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If ultracentrifugation is used for lipoprotein separation, then lipoprotein separation can be achieved, but the process becomes labor-intensive and artifact-prone
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical ultracentrifugation system with a biochemical assay system that uses antibodies and colorimetric reactions to measure lipoprotein cholesterol levels directly in plasma, eliminating the need for complex mechanical separation while achieving accurate measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and measures only the cholesterol component within lipoproteins using specific biochemical assays, rather than attempting to separate and analyze entire lipoprotein particles, thereby simplifying the measurement process while maintaining diagnostic value
2Measurement precision
If traditional risk factors only are assessed, then the assessment process remains simple, but the CVD risk assessment is incomplete
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple traditional and non-traditional risk factor assays into a single comprehensive CVD risk assessment panel, integrating measurements of lipoprotein cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and metabolic parameters to provide complete CVD risk evaluation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a multi-functional assay panel that simultaneously assesses multiple aspects of CVD risk including lipid metabolism, inflammation, and glucose homeostasis, allowing a single test panel to perform comprehensive cardiovascular risk stratification
3Measurement precision
If advanced markers like HDL subpopulations and inflammatory markers are consistently tested, then CVD risk assessment becomes more accurate, but testing consistency and adoption remain low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the comprehensive CVD risk assessment into distinct measurable components including HDL subpopulations, inflammatory markers, and metabolic parameters, each with standardized assay methods that can be independently validated and implemented
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables a more accurate and individualized assessment of CVD risk and treatment effectiveness, optimizing therapy by providing detailed insights into HDL function, cholesterol metabolism, and inflammatory status, thereby improving patient outcomes.
Implementation Method 1
HDL subpopulations by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a personalized diagnostic and treatment solution for cardiovascular disease. The invention comprises methods for devising a personalized treatment plan for a patient via the use of an extended CVD risk assessment panel measuring markers of cholesterol absorption and production and HDL subfractions. This solution provides a more complete risk assessment of an individual than merely measuring traditional CVD risk markers alone, and enables the healthcare practitioner to optimize therapy for patients with or without established CVD. This solution presents the advantages of greater accuracy, savings in time and cost over existing testing and treatment methods.