CVT Inner Race Preload and Torsional Backlash Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing continuously variable transmission (CVT) designs experience issues with backlash and torque spikes during torque reversals, leading to potential damage and wear due to insufficient torque resistance and reactive clamping mechanisms.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a torque-sensitive coupling mechanism with a torsion damping mechanism, such as a preload spring or disk springs, to provide increased torque resistance and manage backlash during torque transitions, including a torque-sensitive inclined plane structure and ball or roller ramps for axial displacement control.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a torque-sensitive coupling mechanism with torsion damping is implemented, then torque resistance and backlash management are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque resistanceVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the torsion damping mechanism with the torque-sensitive coupling mechanism into a single integrated assembly. The torsion damping mechanism is positioned between the input shaft and the torque-sensitive coupling, allowing both functions to work together in managing torque reversals and backlash without requiring separate independent systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The torsion damping mechanism applies preliminary torque resistance before torque reversals occur. By pre-loading the system with damping elements (such as springs or viscous dampers), the mechanism is prepared to absorb and mitigate torque spikes and backlash during reversal events, preventing damage before it occurs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Duration of action of stationary object

If torsion damping mechanism is added to manage backlash, then component wear is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent lifespanVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The torsion damping mechanism serves as a cushioning element that is pre-positioned in the torque transmission path. During normal operation, it maintains a ready state that allows it to absorb and dampen torque spikes and backlash during reversals, protecting components from impact damage and excessive wear without requiring active control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Manufacturing precision

If axial displacement control mechanisms are implemented, then transmission ratio precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission ratio precisionVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The torque-sensitive coupling mechanism incorporates feedback through its design, where the coupling elements respond to torque magnitude and direction, automatically adjusting the axial displacement of the races. This passive feedback mechanism maintains precise transmission ratios by compensating for backlash and torque-induced displacements without requiring external sensors or active control systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces backlash and torque spikes, enhancing CVT performance by applying proportional axial load and torsional resistance, thereby minimizing component wear and damage during torque reversals.

Implementation Method 1

a torsion damping mechanism operatively coupled to the torque sensitive inclined plane mechanism to apply torque sufficient to reduce backlash during torque transitions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTorsion damping: Damping

Implementation Method 2

such as a preload spring or disk springs

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring mechanism: Spring

Implementation Method 3

a torque-sensitive inclined plane structure and ball or roller ramps for axial displacement control

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical advantage: Mechanical Advantage

Implementation Method 4

ball or roller ramps for axial displacement control

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRolling contact: Roller

Data Source

PatentEP3256758B1Preload and torsional backlash management for a continuously variable transmission device
Publication Date: 2025.09.03 ORBITAL TRACTION LTD
  • EP3256758B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3256758B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3256758B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A radially inner race for a continuously variable transmission includes a first inner race structure and a second inner race structure spaced along an axis wherein at least one of the first inner race structure or the second inner race structure is axially movable. A sun shaft is coupled to the radially inner race and planetary members in rolling contact with the radially inner race, and a torsion damping mechanism is coupled to the first inner race structure to apply torque between the first inner race structure and the sun shaft to reduce a transition amplitude during a torque impulse.