Cyano-Group Electrolyte Additive for Lithium Battery Stability
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium secondary batteries face degradation due to structural collapse of the cathode and electrodeposition of metal ions on the anode, leading to reduced lifespan and capacity, especially under high temperatures and repeated charge/discharge cycles.
Innovation Solution
A non-aqueous electrolyte additive with a compound having at least two cyano groups in a trans-formation to a double bond, which forms a complex with metal ions to inhibit oxidative decomposition and electrodeposition, thereby enhancing the electrochemical device's quality and cycle characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional electrolyte is used, then the battery can operate, but the cathode undergoes structural collapse and metal ions deposit on the anode, reducing battery lifespan
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a coating layer formed by compounds containing cyano groups as an intermediary between the cathode and electrolyte. This coating layer prevents direct contact and harmful interactions between the electrolyte and cathode surface, thereby preventing structural collapse of the cathode and reducing metal ion dissolution that would otherwise deposit on the anode.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by adding specific compounds with cyano groups (such as nitrile-containing compounds). This changes the chemical environment at the cathode surface, creating a protective interface that stabilizes the cathode structure during charge/discharge cycles.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the cathode potential is increased to improve capacity, then energy density improves, but metal ion dissolution and anode deterioration accelerate
Solution Approach 1:
The coating layer formed by cyano-containing compounds acts as a mediator that allows the cathode to operate at higher potentials without directly generating harmful metal ion dissolution. The coating stabilizes the high-potential cathode surface, preventing excessive metal ion release even when the cathode potential is increased for higher capacity.
3Power
If the battery is exposed to high temperature to improve reaction kinetics, then power output improves, but cathode structural collapse and anode deterioration accelerate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a protective coating layer beforehand that cushions and protects the cathode structure from thermal degradation. This pre-formed protective interface reduces the harmful effects of high temperature exposure, allowing the battery to operate at elevated temperatures with improved kinetics while maintaining structural integrity and preventing anode deterioration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The additive significantly improves the lifespan and high-temperature cycle performance of lithium secondary batteries by preventing metal ion electrodeposition and oxidative decomposition, resulting in improved overall battery quality.
Implementation Method 1
it has been suggested that an iodine or bromine compound that forms a complex with a metal ion is used as an additive for preventing deterioration of an anode caused by metal ions dissolved out from the surface of a cathode
Implementation Method 2
metal ions dissolved out from the cathode surface upon the structural collapse of the cathode cause electrodeposition onto the anode
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte, which is a compound having a double bond and at least two cyano groups, the two cyano groups being in a trans-formation to the double bond. Also, a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising the additive and an electrochemical device comprising the non-aqueous electrolyte are also disclosed. Further, an electrode comprising the cyano group-containing compound and an electrochemical device comprising the electrode are disclosed.