Cyanobacterial Extract Inhibits Influenza Virus Binding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for extracting active materials from cyanobacteria often involve high temperatures or organic solvents, leading to loss of function, toxic residues, and complex processes, which are not suitable for producing effective pharmaceutical compositions against influenza viruses, especially drug-resistant strains.
Innovation Solution
A low-temperature disintegration method involving repeated freezing and melting of cyanobacteria in a non-organic solvent solution, followed by separation and concentration, to produce a cyanobacterial extract solution containing bioactive substances like allophycocyanin, polysaccharides, and C-phycocyanin, which effectively inhibits influenza A and B virus infection and replication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high temperature extraction is used to extract active materials from cyanobacteria, then extraction efficiency is improved, but bioactivity is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies phase transition by freezing the cyanobacteria suspension at low temperature (below 0°C) to form ice blocks, then melting them to achieve cell disintegration and extract active materials. This low-temperature phase transition method maintains bioactivity while enabling effective extraction, resolving the contradiction between extraction efficiency and bioactivity preservation.
2Productivity
If organic solvents are used for extraction, then extraction efficiency is improved, but toxic residues are generated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of solvent type from organic solvents to non-organic solvents (such as buffer solutions or saline). This parameter change enables effective extraction of active materials while avoiding the generation of toxic residues, thus resolving the contradiction between extraction efficiency and safety.
3Manufacturing precision
If complex extraction processes are used, then extraction completeness is improved, but process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the extraction process into simple sequential steps: (a) mixing cyanobacteria with non-organic solvent to form suspension, (b) freezing to form ice blocks, (c) melting ice blocks to disintegrate cells, and (d) separating and collecting the extract. This segmentation achieves complete extraction while keeping each step simple and easy to operate.
4Reliability
If low temperature processing is used, then bioactivity is maintained, but extraction efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the phase transition of water (freezing and melting) at low temperatures to achieve cell disintegration and effective extraction. The repeated freezing and melting cycles create mechanical stress that breaks cell walls, enabling high extraction efficiency while maintaining bioactivity through low-temperature processing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method simplifies the extraction process, maintains bioactivity, and produces a highly concentrated extract that effectively inhibits both influenza A and B viruses, including Tamiflu-resistant strains, while ensuring high food safety and efficacy.
Implementation Method 1
the cyanobacterial extract is able to effectively inhibit binding of sialic acid and hemagglutinin of influenza A and/or B virus, so as to inhibit infection and replication of influenza virus
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting infection and replication of influenza A and B virus, and the manufacture thereof. The pharmaceutical composition is produced by a manufacture of low-temperature disintegrating cyanobacteria, comprising the steps of: (a) mixing cyanobacteria and non-organic solvent to form a suspension containing cyanobacteria; (b) freezing the suspension with a temperature below 0° C. to form a ice block and the ice block being melted at a low temperature, the whole step being repeated at least twice; (c) separating the cyanobacterial residues and extract solution of the suspension; and (d) collecting the isolated cyanobacterial extract solution; wherein the cyanobacterial extract solution is a solution containing cyanobacterial bioactive substances. The pharmaceutical composition is able to effectively inhibit binding of sialic acid and hemagglutinin of influenza A and/or B virus, so as to inhibit infection and replication of influenza virus. Further, this pharmaceutical composition is able to inhibit infection of influenza virus resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors.