Cyanuric Acid Hydrolase Enzyme for Pool Water Remediation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Excessive levels of cyanuric acid in swimming pool water lead to 'chlorine-lock,' reducing the effectiveness of disinfection and requiring costly and wasteful procedures to maintain safe chlorine levels, as existing methods fail to efficiently degrade cyanuric acid in situ without draining the pool.
Innovation Solution
Development of a structurally stable cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme, specifically from Moorella thermoacetica, which can efficiently hydrolyze cyanuric acid at various temperatures and pH levels, integrated into a composition or device for in situ remediation of pool water, reducing cyanuric acid concentrations without draining the pool.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cyanuric acid is used to maintain stable chlorine content in pool water, then disinfection effectiveness is improved, but cyanuric acid accumulates to excessive levels causing chlorine-lock and requiring pool draining
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes excessive cyanuric acid from pool water using cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme. The enzyme specifically targets and degrades cyanuric acid into biuret and ammonia, effectively reducing cyanuric acid concentrations that cause chlorine-lock while preserving the beneficial disinfection function of chlorine.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical state of cyanuric acid by enzymatic hydrolysis. The cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of cyanuric acid into biuret and ammonia, fundamentally altering the chemical parameters of the system to eliminate the harmful accumulation effect while maintaining water quality.
2Quantity of substance
If pool water is drained and refilled to remove excessive cyanuric acid, then cyanuric acid concentration is reduced, but water is wasted and operational costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by using the cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme to automatically degrade excessive cyanuric acid in situ within the pool water. This eliminates the need for manual draining and refilling operations, allowing the pool water to self-regulate cyanuric acid levels and preventing water loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme as an intermediary substance that mediates between the harmful cyanuric acid and the desired water quality state. The enzyme acts as a catalyst that converts cyanuric acid into harmless byproducts, serving as a bridge to resolve the accumulation problem without water removal.
3Reliability
If pool water is drained and refilled to restore disinfection ability, then disinfection effectiveness is restored, but time and operational costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by continuously or periodically degrading cyanuric acid before it reaches levels that cause chlorine-lock and require pool closure. The cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme proactively maintains cyanuric acid concentrations within safe ranges, preventing the need for time-consuming draining and refilling operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent ensures continuity of useful action by maintaining constant disinfection capability through enzymatic cyanuric acid degradation. The cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme continuously operates to keep cyanuric acid levels below threshold concentrations, ensuring uninterrupted pool operation and eliminating downtime associated with water replacement.
4Quantity of substance
If existing cyanuric acid degradation methods are used, then some cyanuric acid removal is achieved, but the methods are not efficient enough to prevent chlorine-lock in situ
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dramatically changes the degradation rate parameter by introducing cyanuric acid hydrolase enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction at rates orders of magnitude faster than non-enzymatic methods. This enzymatic catalysis transforms cyanuric acid into biuret and ammonia rapidly enough to prevent chlorine-lock conditions and maintain effective chlorine disinfection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The enzyme effectively reduces cyanuric acid levels, maintaining effective chlorine disinfection in pool water, conserving water and reducing operational costs by allowing continuous use of pool water without the need for frequent draining and refilling.
Implementation Method 1
cyanuric acid hydrolase (CAH) enzyme... efficiently hydrolyze cyanuric acid
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to stable cyanuric acid hydrolase enzymes, compositions, and devices for use in the treatment of a liquid, such as water. The present invention also relates to methods of using these enzymes, compositions and devices for the treatment of a liquid, such as water.