Cyclic Carbonate Polyester Synthesis via Mild Reaction Pathway
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing cyclic carbonate functionalized polyesters face challenges such as limited reactivity, poor selectivity, and high molecular weight limitations, making them unsuitable for industrial applications in coating, adhesive, and sealant formulations due to the need for high temperatures, exotic catalysts, and the use of toxic substances like isocyanates.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the reaction of glycerine carbonate with an anhydride, followed by a polyepoxide compound, and then a polycarboxylic acid, under mild conditions to form cyclic carbonate functional polyesters with high functionality and molecular weight, avoiding the use of toxic substances and high temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional polyurethane formulations using isocyanates are used, then good curing properties and adhesive performance are achieved, but toxicity and allergenic potential increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes isocyanates from the formulation and replaces them with cyclic carbonate compounds that react with polyols to form polyurethanes without requiring toxic isocyanate components, thus maintaining curing properties while eliminating the harmful toxic and allergenic factors
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful isocyanate-based system into a beneficial non-isocyanate alternative by using cyclic carbonate compounds that provide similar curing functionality through a different chemical mechanism, turning a toxic system into a safer one
2Object-affected harmful factors
If cyclic carbonates are used to generate non-isocyanate polyurethanes, then toxicity is reduced, but reactivity is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the reactivity parameters of cyclic carbonate compounds by selecting specific cyclic carbonate monomers with appropriate structural features and reacting them under controlled conditions to achieve optimal reactivity while maintaining low toxicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite polymer structures by combining cyclic carbonate compounds with polyols and other functional groups in a single polymerization process, resulting in materials that exhibit both low toxicity and enhanced reactivity through the synergistic interaction of multiple functional groups
3Object-affected harmful factors
If cyclic carbonate ring-opening reaction is performed, then non-isocyanate polyurethane formation is achieved, but selectivity is poor resulting in mixtures of alcohols
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality control by using specific cyclic carbonate monomers with particular structural characteristics that favor formation of specific alcohol products, and by controlling reaction conditions locally to achieve selective ring-opening while minimizing unwanted side reactions
4Quantity of substance
If high molecular weight polyesters are produced, then utility is improved, but production requires high temperatures and exotic catalysts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter by developing a polymerization method that proceeds at lower temperatures through the use of activated cyclic carbonate compounds and controlled catalyst systems, enabling high molecular weight polyester formation without requiring excessive heat
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a catalyst system as an intermediary that facilitates the polymerization reaction at lower temperatures, mediating between the reactants to enable high molecular weight product formation under milder thermal conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables the production of cyclic carbonate functional polyesters with enhanced reactivity and high molecular weight, suitable for use in coating, adhesive, and sealant compositions, while avoiding the toxicity and cost issues associated with traditional methods.
Implementation Method 1
reacting glycerine carbonate with an anhydride to form an Adduct (A)
Implementation Method 2
reacting said Adduct (A) with at least one polyepoxide compound to form an Adduct (B)
Implementation Method 3
reacting said Adduct (B) with at least one polycarboxylic acid to form said cyclic carbonate functional polyester
Data Source
AI summary
The present application is directed to a method for preparing a cyclic carbonate functional polyester, said method comprising the stages of (A) reacting glycerine carbonate with an anhydride to form an Adduct (A), (B) reacting said Adduct (A) with at least one polyepoxide compound to form an Adduct (B), and (C) reacting said Adduct (B) with at least one polycarboxylic acid to form said cyclic carbonate functional polyester.