Cyclic Carbonate Tanning Agent Production with Controlled Heating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Commercially available resin tanning agents, such as condensation products of aldehydes and nitrogen compounds, often produce leathers with inadequate softness and dyeing intensity, and can release undesirable aldehydes like formaldehyde, while reactions involving cyclic organic carbonates with nucleophilic compounds tend to form foam and result in insoluble components during tanning or retanning.
Innovation Solution
A process involving the reaction of cyclic organic carbonates with compounds having multiple nucleophilic groups at controlled temperatures and heating rates to produce products that avoid foam formation and insoluble residues, ensuring clear, homogeneous, and water-soluble tanning agents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If cyclic organic carbonates are reacted with nucleophilic compounds at high reaction temperatures (150-220°C) to produce tanning agents, then the reaction proceeds efficiently, but excessive foam formation occurs making large-scale production difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by heating the reaction mixture to an initial temperature of 100-145°C before starting the main reaction, and by adding the cyclic carbonate reactant gradually in portions rather than all at once. This controlled preliminary heating and staged addition prevents sudden vigorous reactions that cause excessive foam formation, while still achieving the required reaction temperature of 150-220°C for efficient tanning agent production.
2Adaptability or versatility
If cyclic organic carbonates are reacted with nucleophilic compounds to produce tanning agents, then alternative tanning agents can be obtained, but insoluble components remain which are disadvantageous for tanning or retanning
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the heating rate parameter (1-85°C/hour) and initial temperature parameter (100-145°C) to control the reaction progress. By carefully controlling these thermal parameters and adding reactants gradually, the reaction proceeds smoothly to produce completely soluble products without insoluble residues, while still achieving efficient conversion and producing versatile tanning agents with good fullness, softness, and dyeing intensity.
3Strength
If traditional resin tanning agents are used, then leather fullness is improved, but softness and dyeing intensity are insufficient and aldehyde secretion occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by using a different chemical reaction system (cyclic carbonate with nucleophilic compounds) instead of traditional aldehyde-amine condensation. This fundamental parameter change in the chemical pathway eliminates aldehyde secretion entirely while producing tanning agents with improved softness and dyeing intensity, while maintaining good leather fullness through the controlled reaction process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process yields clear, homogeneous, and water-soluble products with high hydroxyl numbers, free from starting material residues, suitable for tanning or retanning hides without foam issues, offering improved softness and dyeing intensity compared to traditional agents.
Implementation Method 1
the reaction temperature is first heated to a temperature in the range from 100 to 145°C and then at a heating rate in the range from 1 to 85°C/hour
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for the production of products, obtained by reacting (A) at least one cyclic organic carbonate with (B) at least one compound having at least two nucleophile groups per molecule, selected from sulfonic acid, hydroxyl-, mercapto- and primary or secondary amino groups, at reaction temperatures in the range from 150 to 200°C, characterized by first heating to a temperature in the range from 100 to 145°C and then heating with a heating rate in the range from 1 to 85°C per hour to the reaction temperature.