Cyclic Dinucleotide PRR Agonists for Broad-Spectrum Immune Activation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antiviral therapies face challenges such as the emergence of drug-resistant variants, require long-term use leading to side effects, and may not be effective across different viral genotypes, while existing cancer treatments lack effective immune response activation.
Innovation Solution
Development of cyclic dinucleotide compounds that activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) like RIG-I and STING, inducing immune responses and potentially serving as both antiviral agents and cancer therapeutics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If current antiviral therapies are used, then viral infection treatment is achieved, but drug-resistant variants emerge and long-term use causes side effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the molecular structure parameters of antiviral agents by using cyclic dinucleotide compounds that activate PRRs, fundamentally altering the mechanism from direct viral inhibition to immune system activation, thereby avoiding drug resistance and reducing toxicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces PRRs (pattern recognition receptors) as intermediary molecules that mediate the antiviral response. Instead of directly targeting the virus, the compounds activate PRRs which then trigger downstream immune responses, creating a more robust and adaptable defense mechanism
2Reliability
If current antiviral therapies are used, then viral infection is treated, but long-term therapy is required leading to side effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic activation of the immune system through PRR engagement, where the cyclic dinucleotide compounds trigger intermittent but potent immune responses that can maintain viral clearance without requiring continuous long-term therapy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the host's own immune system to perform the antiviral function by activating PRRs, which then autonomously orchestrate the clearance of viral infections, eliminating the need for prolonged external therapeutic intervention
3Adaptability or versatility
If drugs are developed against one viral genotype, then that genotype is treated, but other genotypes are not affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates universal antiviral activity by targeting conserved PRRs that recognize common viral features across different genotypes. The cyclic dinucleotide compounds activate PRRs in a manner that is independent of specific viral sequences, enabling broad-spectrum activity against multiple viral genotypes
4Reliability
If cancer treatments are used, then cancer is treated, but effective immune response activation is lacking
Solution Approach 1:
The patent demonstrates multi-functionality by showing that the same cyclic dinucleotide compounds activating PRRs for antiviral purposes also effectively activate immune responses against cancer, indicating that these compounds can serve dual purposes in treating different types of disease
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses PRRs as intermediary molecules to bridge cancer treatment and immune activation. By engaging PRRs with cyclic dinucleotide compounds, the treatment effectively activates the host immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells, transforming the immune system into an active participant in cancer therapy
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are compounds and compositions for the activation or induction of expression of a pattern recognition receptor (e.g., STING, RIG-I, MDA5), and methods of use thereof.