Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Biomaterials for Sustained Drug Release
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biomaterials for gradual release of therapeutic molecules in implants face limitations due to low absorption and rapid release of active ingredients, leading to ineffective infection prevention in vascular surgery, where pathogens can cause significant complications.
Innovation Solution
Biomaterials are developed with cyclodextrin, which forms permanent bonds or physical interactions with the biomaterial, enhancing the absorption and prolonged release of bioactive agents through covalent bonding or cross-linking, allowing for a sustained release of therapeutic molecules over several weeks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the biomaterial is immersed in an antibiotic or antiseptic solution just prior to implantation, then the active ingredient is released directly in the susceptible area, but the concentration of the active ingredient rapidly decreases below the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)
Solution Approach 1:
The biomaterial is pre-loaded with a high concentration of active ingredient through immersion in antibiotic or antiseptic solution before implantation. This preliminary saturation ensures that upon implantation, the material immediately releases therapeutic concentrations at the infection site, then gradually depletes over time, extending the effective duration from minutes to weeks.
Solution Approach 2:
The biomaterial utilizes a porous polymer matrix structure that contains and reservoirs the active ingredient within its pores. This porous structure allows controlled release through diffusion, preventing rapid depletion and maintaining therapeutic concentrations over an extended period while still providing direct local action at the implantation site.
2Duration of action of moving object
If the active ingredient is contained within a porous polymer matrix and released by diffusion, then the release is gradual over time, but the delay compared to control microspheres is not significant
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the porous polymer matrix by incorporating amphiphilic polymer networks with specific hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. This changes the physical-chemical parameters of the matrix, creating regions that preferentially interact with and retain the active ingredient, thereby extending the release duration and optimizing the delay characteristics without sacrificing overall effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The biomaterial employs a composite structure combining porous polymer matrix with amphiphilic polymer networks. This composite architecture integrates the porous structure's diffusion capabilities with the amphiphilic network's retention properties, achieving both significant gradual release duration and optimized timing delay compared to simple porous matrices.
3Duration of action of moving object
If biodegradable polymers are used to release the active ingredient as the matrix degrades, then the release rate depends on the degradation rate of the matrix, but the total amount of active ingredient released is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The biomaterial system serves multiple functions simultaneously: the porous polymer matrix provides structural framework and initial drug reservoir, while the amphiphilic polymer network enhances retention and controlled release. This multi-functional design allows the system to release larger total amounts of active ingredient over extended periods, overcoming the limitation of single-mechanism biodegradable polymers.
Solution Approach 2:
The porous polymer matrix structure provides a large surface area and volume for loading high concentrations of active ingredient. The porous architecture allows continued release through diffusion even as the material degrades, enabling the total quantity released to exceed the limitations of purely biodegradable polymer systems where release is strictly coupled to degradation rate.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The cyclodextrin-functionalized biomaterials significantly increase the amount and duration of bioactive agent release, effectively reducing post-operative infection risks by maintaining therapeutic concentrations for the critical period following implantation.
Implementation Method 1
cyclodextrin, which forms permanent bonds or physical interactions with the biomaterial, enhancing the absorption and prolonged release of bioactive agents through covalent bonding or cross-linking
Implementation Method 2
cyclodextrin, which forms permanent bonds or physical interactions with the biomaterial, enhancing the absorption and prolonged release of bioactive agents
Implementation Method 3
The active ingredient is released by diffusion from the pores of the matrix
Data Source
AI summary
A method for preparing a biomaterial containing at least one bioactive molecule from a base biomaterial, comprising the following successive operations carried out on the base biomaterial:a) application of a solid mixture of:cyclodextrin(s) and/or cyclodextrin derivative(s) and/or cyclodextrin inclusion complex(es) and/or cyclodextrin derivative inclusion complex(es),at least one poly(carboxylic) acid,and optionally a catalyst;b) heating at a temperature between 100° C. and 200° C. for a period of 1 to 60 minutes;c) washing with water;d) drying,wherein at least one bioactive agent is incorporated in the biomaterial by impregnation of the biomaterial after the drying step in a concentrated solution of the bioactive agent.