Cyclodextrin-Oil Inclusion Complexes for Stable Aerated Emulsions

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current non-dairy whipped toppings lack sufficient stability at ambient temperatures and are prone to destabilization when exposed to elevated temperatures, limiting their shelf life and usability in various food applications.

Innovation Solution

The development of oil-in-water emulsions comprising 20-45 wt.% water, 4-40 wt.% oil, 3-12 wt.% cyclodextrin, and 20-60 wt.% saccharides, which form cyclodextrin-oil inclusion complexes that act as a structuring agent, enhancing the stability and rigidity of the emulsion, allowing it to maintain shape and texture even when heated or stored at ambient conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If solid fat is used to stabilize aerated O/W emulsions, then foam stability is improved, but temperature stability deteriorates when the solid fat melts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefoam stabilityVSAvoidtemperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the stabilizing mechanism from relying on solid fat (temperature-dependent) to using cyclodextrin-oil inclusion complexes (temperature-independent). The cyclodextrin forms stable complexes with oil molecules through hydrophobic interactions, creating a rigid network that stabilizes air bubbles regardless of temperature changes. This parameter change in the stabilizing agent eliminates the temperature sensitivity inherent in solid fat-based systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Cyclodextrin acts as an intermediary molecule that bridges the oil phase and the aqueous continuous phase. The cyclodextrin's hydrophobic interior cavity encapsulates oil molecules while its hydrophilic exterior interacts with water, forming inclusion complexes that serve as stable interfacial structures. This intermediary mechanism creates temperature-stable foam structures without relying on solid fat melting behavior.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Temperature

If cyclodextrin-oil inclusion complexes are formed, then temperature stability is improved, but the complexity of the emulsion composition increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature stabilityVSAvoidemulsion composition complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention creates a composite stabilizing system where cyclodextrin and oil form inclusion complexes that function as a unified temperature-stable structure. This composite approach combines the hydrophobic oil phase with the hydrophilic cyclodextrin to generate a single functional entity (the inclusion complex) that provides both structural rigidity and temperature stability, simplifying the overall emulsion design despite the molecular-level complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The resulting aerated emulsions exhibit exceptional stability, retaining shape and texture for several days at ambient temperatures and remaining stable under refrigeration or freezing conditions, withstanding temperatures up to 90°F (32°C) without destabilization, and showing excellent icing performance and stability for extended periods.

Implementation Method 1

cyclodextrin-oil inclusion complexes that act as a structuring agent

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInclusion complex formation: Solvation

Implementation Method 2

cyclodextrin-oil inclusion complexes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrophobic interaction: Hydrophobe

Implementation Method 3

introducing air or other gas into an aeratable O/W emulsion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAeration: Aeration

Implementation Method 4

mechanically mixed (e.g. whipped) into the emulsion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical mixing: Stirring

Implementation Method 5

partial coalescence of fat globules

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCoalescence: Coagulation

Implementation Method 6

association with fat crystals

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrystallization: Crystallisation

Implementation Method 7

proteins can reduce the susceptibility of fat globules to coalesce by forming a layer around the fat globules

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Data Source

PatentUS9756868B2Highly stable aerated oil-in-water emulsion
Publication Date: 2017.09.12 BRILL INC

AI summary

The invention relates to an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions that can be aerated to produce foamed emulsions. The O/W emulsions of the present invention consist of: 20-45 wt. % water; 4-40 wt. % oil; 3-12 wt. % of cyclodextrin selected from alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin and combinations thereof; 20-60 wt. % of saccharides selected from monosaccharides, disaccharides, non-cyclic oligosaccharides, sugar alcohols and combinations thereof; 0-30 wt. % of other edible ingredients; wherein the emulsion contains at least 80% of the saccharides by weight of water. The O/W emulsions of the present invention are capable of forming foamed emulsions with high firmness and excellent shape retaining properties. These foamed emulsions further offer the advantage that they exhibit excellent stability.