Cyclone Inlet Duct Segmentation for Plant Layout

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional cyclones in iron making units face challenges with structural loading and maintenance due to the need for tangential dirty gas entry, which limits plant layout and furnace isolation valve installation, and existing designs either lack sufficient swirl effect or suffer from clogging issues.

Innovation Solution

A cyclone design featuring multiple inlet ducts with a circular cross-section at one end and a rectangular cross-section at the other, co-axially mounted with the cyclone body, providing a tangential entry that enhances swirl effect and structural support, allowing for easier maintenance and reduced clogging.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a single tangential entry cyclone is used, then the cyclone can process dirty gas, but the plant layout is restricted and options for installing a furnace isolation valve are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplant layout flexibilityVSAvoidstructural loading complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The single inlet duct is segmented into multiple inlet ducts (at least three) that are distributed around the cyclone body. This segmentation allows the downcomer to be positioned centrally while multiple inlet ducts provide tangential entry points, enabling flexible plant layout and isolation valve installation without the structural loading problems of a single large tangential inlet.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Ease of operation

If an isolation valve is installed in a vertical position in the downcomer, then the isolation valve can be properly positioned, but the structural loads on the cyclone become considerable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveisolation valve installationVSAvoidstructural loading
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The single large downcomer inlet is segmented into multiple smaller inlet ducts that connect to the downcomer at different angular positions. This distributes the structural loads from the downcomer and any isolation valve across multiple attachment points on the cyclone body, reducing the considerable loads that would concentrate on a single tangential connection point.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The inlet ducts are arranged in a three-dimensional configuration around the cyclone body, with at least three ducts spaced angularly around the circumference. This spatial distribution in multiple dimensions allows the isolation valve to be installed in a manageable position while distributing structural loads throughout the cyclone structure rather than concentrating them at a single point.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Reliability

If internal vanes are used to provide a swirl effect, then the axial entry cyclone can generate rotation, but the narrow gaps between vanes can become blocked in harsh operating conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswirl effect generationVSAvoidclogging of narrow gaps
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of using internal vanes that create narrow gaps prone to clogging, the invention inverts the approach by using the geometry of multiple inlet ducts themselves to generate the swirl effect. The tangential entry of gas through multiple distributed inlet ducts naturally creates rotation without requiring internal vanes with vulnerable narrow gaps, thus improving reliability in harsh operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Adaptability or versatility

If multiple inlet ducts are used, then a good swirl effect is produced and plant layout flexibility is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswirl effect and layout flexibilityVSAvoidnumber of inlet ducts
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The multiple inlet ducts serve multiple functions simultaneously: they provide tangential entry for dirty gas, generate the swirl effect through their distributed angular arrangement, enable flexible plant layout and isolation valve installation, and distribute structural loads. This multi-functionality justifies the increased number of inlet ducts by consolidating several requirements into a single structural feature.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design improves structural loading management, maintains effective classification, and enhances swirl effect within the cyclone, facilitating easier maintenance and more flexible plant layout while minimizing clogging risks.

Implementation Method 1

each inlet duct exits the downcomer radially and enters the cyclone body tangentially

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTangential flow entry: Cyclone Separation

Implementation Method 2

This design copes with structural loading from the downcomer by mounting an end of the down-comer to the cyclone body, on a support, whilst allowing for ease of replacement of parts for maintenance and maintains the benefits of the classifying effect with the tangential entry in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cyclone body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSwirl effect: Vortex Ring

Implementation Method 3

a cyclone comprises a cyclone body, a downcomer, a plurality of inlet ducts and an outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal separation: Centrifugal Separation

Data Source

PatentEP2699356B1Cyclone with a plurality of inlet ducts
Publication Date: 2019.02.27 PRIMETALS TECH
  • EP2699356B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2699356B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP2699356B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A cyclone comprises a cyclone body (4), a plurality of inlet ducts (12) and an outlet (10). A first end (13) of each of the inlet ducts is coupled to a down-comer and a second end (14) of each of the inlet ducts is coupled to the cyclone body. The down-comer (8) proximate the cyclone body is co-axial with and mounted to the cyclone body on a support, and each inlet duct exits the down-comer radially (23) and enters the cyclone body tangentially (24).