Engine Cylinder Compression Heating for Exhaust Purification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engine exhaust-gas purification devices struggle to maintain operating temperature during extended overrun modes, such as downhill driving or hybrid vehicle electric driving, leading to ineffective pollutant removal and potential excessive emissions, as conventional external heating systems require additional energy and space.
Innovation Solution
A control device for internal combustion engines that deactivates fuel injection and controls inlet and outlet valves to compress and heat air within the cylinder, which is then transferred to the exhaust-gas purification device, maintaining or achieving the necessary operating temperature without an additional heating system, using predictive models and temperature profiles to optimize heating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If an additional external heating element is used to maintain exhaust-gas purification device temperature during overrun mode, then the operating temperature can be maintained, but additional electrical energy is required and installation space is needed
Solution Approach 1:
The internal combustion engine serves itself by utilizing its own compression process to heat the air that will be used for exhaust-gas purification. The engine's normal compression function is repurposed to also provide heating, eliminating the need for separate heating elements and their associated energy and space requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The compression process of the internal combustion engine performs dual functions: it prepares the air-fuel mixture for combustion while simultaneously heating the air to the required temperature for exhaust-gas purification during overrun mode. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for dedicated heating equipment.
2Temperature
If an additional external heating element is installed to maintain exhaust-gas purification device temperature, then the operating temperature can be maintained, but device complexity increases due to additional components
Solution Approach 1:
The existing internal combustion engine performs the heating function through its normal compression process, eliminating the need for additional heating components, control systems, and associated complexity. The engine's inherent mechanical function is leveraged to solve the temperature maintenance problem.
Solution Approach 2:
The engine's compression system is made multi-functional, serving both the traditional purpose of preparing air-fuel mixture and the additional purpose of heating air for exhaust-gas purification. This eliminates the need for separate heating system components and reduces overall device complexity.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the internal combustion engine is kept in overrun state for extensive period, then fuel consumption is reduced, but the exhaust-gas purification device temperature drops below operating temperature
Solution Approach 1:
During overrun mode, the control device periodically introduces pure air into the cylinder without fuel injection, allowing the compression process to heat the air. This periodic air-only compression cycles maintain the exhaust-gas purification device temperature while the engine remains in the fuel-saving overrun state for extended periods.
Solution Approach 2:
The control device changes the operational parameters by deactivating fuel injection during specific compression cycles in overrun mode. This parameter change allows the compression process to heat air to high temperatures without combustion, maintaining exhaust-gas purification device temperature while preserving the fuel efficiency benefits of prolonged overrun operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for cost-effective and energy-efficient maintenance of exhaust-gas purification device temperature, ensuring effective pollutant removal without additional heating systems, suitable for hybrid drives and long downhill driving scenarios, while avoiding excessive emissions.
Implementation Method 1
the then substantially fuel-free inlet fluid, in other words the sucked-in air, is introduced into the cylinder, is compressed by the movement of the piston induced in the overrun mode, is heated by the compression
Implementation Method 2
after the compression, is transferred as heated outlet fluid into the exhaust-gas purification device through the outlet valve
Data Source
AI summary
An exhaust-gas purification system and method controls an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder-piston unit operating in a overrun (drag) mode in which piston motion is induced by motion of an output shaft of a drive output unit associated with the internal combustion engine. A control device controls, for each of cylinder-piston unit, an intake fluid, an exhaust valve and fuel injection to heat an exhaust emission control device by deactivating fuel injection, passing the substantially fuel-free intake fluid into the cylinder, compressing and thereby heating the fluid in the cylinder, and passing the heated outlet fluid to the exhaust emission control device. The control device may control the amount of heating based on measurement and/or use of a temperature model of the exhaust emission control device.